Introduction to the Skeleton

Question 1

The five functions of the skeletal system are to support what, protect what, allow for what, hemopoiesis which is what, and be an energy and mineral what?

Answer 1

Entire body, viscera (organs), movement, blood cell production, and reserve.

Question 2

Bones are considered organs as they have several types of tissues. Where do bones meet at?

Answer 2

Joints

Question 3

How many named bones are there? The axial skeleton consists of how many bones, meaning the appendicular skeleton has how many?

Answer 3

206 bones. 80 bones for axial, leaving 126 bones for the appendicular skeleton.

Question 4

Which skeleton supports the head, neck, and trunk, as well as protecting the thoracic viscera, spinal cord, and brain?

Answer 4

Axial skeleton

Question 5

Which skeleton includes the pectoral girdle, upper limb, lower limb, and pelvic girdle?

Answer 5

Appendicular skeleton

Question 6

What bone making is a hole in the bone that is typically there for nerves and vessels?

Answer 6

Foramina (foramen)

Question 7

What bone marking is a depression in the bone?

Answer 7

Fossa (fossae)

Question 8

What bone marking is a projection from a bone and protrudes from a surrounding bone that can be wide or narrow?

Answer 8

Process

Question 9

What bone marking is a hole or tube-like structure?

Answer 9

Meatus

Question 10

What bone marking is a groove or tube-like structure?

Answer 10

Canal

Question 11

The three types of cartilage are?

Answer 11

Fibrocartilage, hyaline, and elastic

Question 12

What type of tissue supports soft tissue, is a model for formation of bone, and can be used as a gliding surface at an articulation?

Answer 12

Cartilage tissue

Question 13

Cartilage is avascular and the cell type is what?

Answer 13

Chondrocytes in lacunae

Question 14

What type of cartilage is the most common and found in the fetal skeleton, respiratory structures, the ends of long bones, and costal cartilages?

Answer 14

Hyaline cartilage

Question 15

Which type of cartilage has tiny, nearly invisible collagen fibers called fibrils?

Answer 15

Hyaline cartilage

Question 16

What cartilage is similar to hyaline but has tons of elastic and is found in the pinna (outer ear) and epiglottis?

Answer 16

Elastic cartilage

Question 17

What cartilage is very flexible and resilient, leading to allowing repeated bending?

Answer 17

Elastic cartilage

Question 18

What type of cartilage has little ground substance and the matrix has thick, dense collagen fibers and is found in the intervertebral discs, the knee joint, and the pubic symphysis?

Answer 18

Fibrocartilage

Question 19

What type of cartilage resists strong compressions?

Answer 19

Fibrocartilage

Question 20

Bone is much what than cartilage, has very little what, what compressions and tensions, is well what leading to healing/remodeling easily, and made of organic and inorganic materials?

Answer 20

Denser, fluid, resists, and vascularized

Question 21

What bone cell builds new bone?

Answer 21

Osteoblast

Question 22

What bone cell breaks down (consumes) bone?

Answer 22

Osteoclast

Question 23

What bone cell is a mature bone cell?

Answer 23

Osteocyte

Question 24

Trabecular bone is another name for what type of bone?

Answer 24

Spongy bone

Question 25

Cortical bone is another name for what type of bone?

Answer 25

Compact bone

Question 26

A structural unit of compact bone is what?

Answer 26

Osteon

Question 27

What are the concentric tubes that make up osteons called?

Answer 27

Lamallae

Question 28

What are the four types (shapes) of bone?

Answer 28

Long, short, flat, and irregular

Question 29

What contains bone marrow in a bone?

Answer 29

Medullary cavity

Question 30

The what lines the outside of the bone while the what lines the internal cavity?

Answer 30

Periosteum and endosteum

Question 31

What type(s) of bone contains marrow but doesn't have a medullary cavity?

Answer 31

Flat, irregular, and short bones

Question 32

Ossification or osteogenesis is the process of what? What are the two types?

Answer 32

Bone formation. The two types are endochondral and intramembranous.

Question 33

What type of ossification involves the bone growing from a membrane and includes the bones of the skull, maxillae, zygomatic, mandible, and center of clavicle?

Answer 33

Intramembranous

Question 34

What type of ossification starts as a hyaline cartilage model that is replaced by bone?

Answer 34

Endochondral

Question 35

What are the ends of the long bone called?

Answer 35

Epiphysis