Nervous Tissue and the Brain

Question 1

What two structures are part of the central nervous system?

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What are the three parts of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 2

Spinal nerves, cranial nerves, and ganglia

Question 3

What system includes all the neural tissue in the body, which is neurons and glial cells?

Answer 3

Nervous system

Question 4

Which nervous system sends information from the CNS to the rest of the body?

Answer 4

Motor nervous system

Question 5

The nervous system collects, process and evaluates, and responds to what?

Answer 5

Information

Question 6

What nervous system transmits information from receptors to the CNS?

Answer 6

Sensory nervous system

Question 7

Which sensory system receives sensory information from skin, fascia, joints, skeletal muscles, and special senses?

Answer 7

Somatic sensory

Question 8

Which sensory system receives information from viscera?

Answer 8

Visceral sensory

Question 9

What motor system innervates skeletal muscle and is known as the voluntary nervous system?

Answer 9

Somatic motor

Question 10

What is known as the involuntary nervous system and innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands?

Answer 10

Autonomic motor

Question 11

The what sensory system has free nerve endings in almost all body tissues and includes receptors for pain, touch, temperature, vibration, and pressure? It also has proprioception (sense of body in space) in skin, body wall, and limbs.

Answer 11

Somatic sensory

Question 12

What sensory system only does stretch and temperature?

Answer 12

Visceral sensory

Question 13

Which motor system divides into the parasympathetic and sympathetic?

Answer 13

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 14

Which nervous tissue is “excitable” and transmits electrical signals?

Answer 14

Neurons

Question 15

Which nervous tissue is a supporting cell and are not excitable?

Answer 15

Glia (“Nerve glue”)

Question 16

Which part of the neuron receives the signal?

Answer 16

Dendrites

Question 17

What does the myelin sheath on a neuron do?

Answer 17

Helps propagate the signal and insulates axon

Question 18

A what is a site where an axon connects with another cell?

Answer 18

Synapse

Question 19

Which synapse is the most numerous and it uses what?

Answer 19

Chemical and it uses neurotransmitters

Question 20

What synapses rely on flow of ions at gap junctions?

Answer 20

Electrical synapses

Question 21

Match the type of glia in the CNS and its function: Ependymal cells, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes

Helps produce CSF, blood-brain barrier and most common, myelinates axon, and defense

Answer 21

1). Ependymal – Helps produce CSF
2). Microglia – Defense
3). Oligodendrocytes – Myelinates axon
4). Astrocytes – Most common and blood-brain barrier

Question 22

What two glia are in the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 22

Schwann and satellite cells

Question 23

What are collections of neuron bodies outside the CNS?

Answer 23

Ganglia

Question 24

Match the functions to the glia of the PNS:
1). Myelinate axons of the PNS
2). Surround neuron cell bodies, found in ganglia

Answer 24

1). Schwann
2). Satellite

Question 25

What is defined as a collection of axons in the PNS, which has the axons arranged in parallel and wrapped in connective tissue?

Answer 25

Nerve

Question 26

Can a nerve contain sensory and/or motor axons and myelinated and/or non-myelinated axons?

Answer 26

All

Question 27

A group of axons is a nerve what, which a group of that becomes a nerve?

Answer 27

Fascicles

Question 28

What are the three connective tissues surrounding the nerve structure from superficial to deep?

Answer 28

Epinerium, perinerium, and endonerium

Question 29

What is the progressive demyelination of neurons in the CNS, with the destruction of oligodendrocytes which interrupts conduction of nerve impulses?

Answer 29

Multiple sclerosis

Question 30

What controls heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, as well as maintaining homeostasis? It also innervates the head, neck, and viscera, and deals with high level tasks such as emotion and memory?

Answer 30

The brain

Question 31

What are the four main parts of the brain?

Answer 31

Diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and cerebrum

Question 32

Is white or gray brain matter made of myelinated axons and lies deep to the cortex of the brain?

Answer 32

White matter

Question 33

Are cerebral nuclei (innermost portions of the brain) white or gray matter?

Answer 33

Gray matter, as is the outside

Question 34

What part of the brain is surrounded by the cerebral hemispheres and contains the 3rd ventricle? It also has the hypothalamus, epithalamus, and thalamus as the roof, floor, and lateral walls.

Answer 34

Diencephalon

Question 35

What structure in the diencephalon filters somatosensory, visual, and auditory info and all parts of the brain that communicate with the cerebral cortex must go through here?

Answer 35

Thalamus

Question 36

Which structure regulates many activities as it is the main visceral control center of the body and is connected to the pituitary gland? Regulates body temp, sleep-wake cycles, and hunger/thirst Controls endocrine system, emotional responses, and autonomic nervous system (ANS) Formation of memory

Answer 36

Hypothalamus

Question 37

Which structure contains the pineal gland which has an endocrine function to secrete melatonin for circadian rhythm?

Answer 37

Epithalamus