Introduction to tissues

Question 1

what are the 4 types of primary tissues in the body?

Answer 1

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

Question 2

what is histology?

Answer 2

the study of cells and tissues

Question 3

give examples of complex molecules

Answer 3

proteins, amino acids, lipids, dna

Question 4

describe the level of organisation

Answer 4

simple elements/atoms –> complex molecules –> cell organelles –> cells –>. tissues –> organs –> systems –> organism

Question 5

what is gross anatomy?

Answer 5

use of dissections and naked eye

Question 6

what is microscopic anatomy?

Answer 6

use of histological preparations and microscope

Question 7

what is microscopic anatomy?

Answer 7

use of histological preparations and microscope

Question 8

what is pathology?

Answer 8

disease process

Question 9

what is physiology?

Answer 9

normal function

Question 10

what is anatomy?

Answer 10

normal structure

Question 11

what is the resolving power of the light microscope?

Answer 11

0.2 micrometre
x1500 magnification

Question 12

how does TEM work?

Answer 12

uses high velocity electrons in a vacuum

Question 13

give an advantage of TEM

Answer 13

see very small structures
cell membrane, filaments, ribosomes

Question 14

what’s the resolving power of TEM?

Answer 14

0.2-0.35nm

Question 15

what is a blastocyst?

Answer 15

cell mass 1 week after fertilisation

Question 16

what is a bilaminar embryonic disc?

Answer 16

cell mass 2 weeks after fertilisation

Question 17

what are the 3 primary germ layers?

Answer 17

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

Question 18

what is a germ layer?

Answer 18

a group of cells in an embryo

Question 19

what is the most abundant and widely distributed type of tissue in the body?

Answer 19

connective

Question 20

where is connective tissue derived from?

Answer 20

the mesodermal layer of the embryo

Question 21

what is the function of CT?

Answer 21

provides mechanical and metabolic support

Question 22

what are component of CT?

Answer 22

cells and ECM

Question 23

what are types/subdivisions of CT?

Answer 23

loose areolar, dense, reticular
adipose
cartilage and bone
blood and lymph

Question 24

give examples of components of loose CT

Answer 24

fibroblasts and adipocytes

Question 25

give examples of components of skin

Answer 25

loose and dense CT, collage fibres

Question 26

give the origin of epithelial tissue

Answer 26

all 3 embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 27

what are the 2 groups of epithelium?

Answer 27

1. covering/lining or surface epithelia eg. oral cavity, skin, vagina, respiratory tract, alimentary tract 2. glandular epithelia sebaceous, salivary and mammary glands, endocrine and exocrine glands

Question 28

give the types of surface epithelia

Answer 28

simple squamous stratified squamous simple cuboidal epithelium simple columnar epithelium simple columnar ciliated epithelium psuedostratified columnar ciliated epithelium transitional

Question 29

where is simple squamous epithelium found?

Answer 29

(small blood vessel),

Question 30

where is stratified squamous epithelium found?

Answer 30

(skin, mouth, vagina)

Question 31

where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?

Answer 31

(salivary gland ducts, kidney tubules)

Question 32

where is simple columnar epithelium found?

Answer 32

(stomach, intestine, gall bladder)

Question 33

where is simple columnar ciliated epithelium found?

Answer 33

(Fallopian tube)

Question 34

where is psuedostratified columnar ciliated epithelium found?

Answer 34

(respiratory tract)

Question 35

where is transitional epithelium found?

Answer 35

(urinary tract, bladder)

Question 36

where does muscle tissue originate?

Answer 36

mesodermal layer of embryo

Question 37

what is the function of muscle tissue?

Answer 37

produce movement

Question 38

give types of muscle fibres

Answer 38

skeletal/striated, cardiac, smooth

Question 39

look up pictures of skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle

Question 40

why is it called skeletal muscle?

Answer 40

its attached to the skeleton

Question 41

how long is skeletal muscle?

Answer 41

long

Question 42

give features of skeletal muscle

Answer 42

striated appearance multinucleated

Question 43

which nervous system controls skeletal muscle?

Answer 43

somatic under voluntary control

Question 44

which nervous system controls smooth muscle?

Answer 44

autonomic

Question 45

give features of smooth muscle

Answer 45

uninucleated not very long

Question 46

what is a feature of cardiac muscle not found in smooth and skeletal?

Answer 46

its branched

Question 47

where is smooth muscle found?

Answer 47

walls of hollow visceral orgaans eg. liver, pancreas, intestine, EXCEPT the heart under involuntary control

Question 48

what is the origin of nerve tissue?

Answer 48

ectoderm of the embryo

Question 49

what is the function of nerve tissue?

Answer 49

generate and conduct electric impulse

Question 50

what are components of nerve tissue?

Answer 50

neurons/nerve cells- excitable cells (can initiate an impulse) nerve fibres- axons and dendrites (conducting channels of the impulse) neuroglia- supportive cells (support neurones)