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Bioregulatory systems > Introduction to tissues > Flashcards

Introduction to tissues Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 types of primary tissues in the body?

A

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

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2
Q

what is histology?

A

the study of cells and tissues

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3
Q

give examples of complex molecules

A

proteins, amino acids, lipids, dna

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4
Q

describe the level of organisation

A

simple elements/atoms –> complex molecules –> cell organelles –> cells –>. tissues –> organs –> systems –> organism

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5
Q

what is gross anatomy?

A

use of dissections and naked eye

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6
Q

what is microscopic anatomy?

A

use of histological preparations and microscope

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7
Q

what is microscopic anatomy?

A

use of histological preparations and microscope

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8
Q

what is pathology?

A

disease process

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9
Q

what is physiology?

A

normal function

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10
Q

what is anatomy?

A

normal structure

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11
Q

what is the resolving power of the light microscope?

A

0.2 micrometre
x1500 magnification

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12
Q

how does TEM work?

A

uses high velocity electrons in a vacuum

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13
Q

give an advantage of TEM

A

see very small structures
cell membrane, filaments, ribosomes

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14
Q

what’s the resolving power of TEM?

A

0.2-0.35nm

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15
Q

what is a blastocyst?

A

cell mass 1 week after fertilisation

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16
Q

what is a bilaminar embryonic disc?

A

cell mass 2 weeks after fertilisation

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17
Q

what are the 3 primary germ layers?

A

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

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18
Q

what is a germ layer?

A

a group of cells in an embryo

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19
Q

what is the most abundant and widely distributed type of tissue in the body?

A

connective

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20
Q

where is connective tissue derived from?

A

the mesodermal layer of the embryo

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21
Q

what is the function of CT?

A

provides mechanical and metabolic support

22
Q

what are component of CT?

A

cells and ECM

23
Q

what are types/subdivisions of CT?

A

loose areolar, dense, reticular
adipose
cartilage and bone
blood and lymph

24
Q

give examples of components of loose CT

A

fibroblasts and adipocytes

25
Q

give examples of components of skin

A

loose and dense CT, collage fibres

26
Q

give the origin of epithelial tissue

A

all 3 embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

27
Q

what are the 2 groups of epithelium?

A
  1. covering/lining or surface epithelia
    eg. oral cavity, skin, vagina, respiratory tract, alimentary tract
  2. glandular epithelia
    sebaceous, salivary and mammary glands, endocrine and exocrine glands
28
Q

give the types of surface epithelia

A

simple squamous
stratified squamous
simple cuboidal epithelium
simple columnar epithelium
simple columnar ciliated epithelium
psuedostratified columnar ciliated epithelium
transitional

29
Q

where is simple squamous epithelium found?

A

(small blood vessel),

30
Q

where is stratified squamous epithelium found?

A

(skin, mouth, vagina)

31
Q

where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?

A

(salivary gland ducts, kidney tubules)

32
Q

where is simple columnar epithelium found?

A

(stomach, intestine, gall bladder)

33
Q

where is simple columnar ciliated epithelium found?

A

(Fallopian tube)

34
Q

where is psuedostratified columnar ciliated epithelium found?

A

(respiratory tract)

35
Q

where is transitional epithelium found?

A

(urinary tract, bladder)

36
Q

where does muscle tissue originate?

A

mesodermal layer of embryo

37
Q

what is the function of muscle tissue?

A

produce movement

38
Q

give types of muscle fibres

A

skeletal/striated, cardiac, smooth

39
Q

look up pictures of skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle

A
40
Q

why is it called skeletal muscle?

A

its attached to the skeleton

41
Q

how long is skeletal muscle?

A

long

42
Q

give features of skeletal muscle

A

striated appearance
multinucleated

43
Q

which nervous system controls skeletal muscle?

A

somatic
under voluntary control

44
Q

which nervous system controls smooth muscle?

A

autonomic

45
Q

give features of smooth muscle

A

uninucleated
not very long

46
Q

what is a feature of cardiac muscle not found in smooth and skeletal?

A

its branched

47
Q

where is smooth muscle found?

A

walls of hollow visceral orgaans
eg. liver, pancreas, intestine, EXCEPT the heart

under involuntary control

48
Q

what is the origin of nerve tissue?

A

ectoderm of the embryo

49
Q

what is the function of nerve tissue?

A

generate and conduct electric impulse

50
Q

what are components of nerve tissue?

A

neurons/nerve cells- excitable cells (can initiate an impulse)

nerve fibres- axons and dendrites (conducting channels of the impulse)

neuroglia- supportive cells (support neurones)

Bioregulatory systems (4 decks)

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