Invertebrates - Ch. 28 Flashcards
(30 cards)
1
Q
invertebrates
A
- animals without a backbone
- come in many different shapes and sizes
- can be compared by looking at body plan, cephalization, and the way food is digested
2
Q
porifera
A
- asymetrical
- ability to regenerate
- do not produce true tissues
- no cephalization - has signaling proteins
- have collar cells similar to choanocytes and is how the sponge filter water
3
Q
how do sponges eat?
A
- water enters the sponge through its pores which then pump water into the sponge
- collar cells inside the sponge filter food and microorganisms from the water
- water flows into the central cavity and out the top of the sponge through the osculum
4
Q
what are some examples of porifera?
A
sponges
5
Q
cnidaria
A
- radial
- can be medusa or polyp form
- no cephalization
- have cnidocytes that release barbs of poison (sea slugs do not)
- no segmentation
- have complex tissues, a gut, nervous system
- nervous system is of net fibers
- only has one opening for food and waste
- diploblastic
6
Q
what are some examples of cnidaria?
A
hydras, jellyfish, anemones
7
Q
ctenophora
A
-hermaphroditic
-radial
have comb rows of cilia for movement
-lack stinging cells
-diploblastic
8
Q
what are some examples of ctenophora?
A
comb jellies
9
Q
what are some characteristics of acoelomates?
A
- bilateral
- diploblastic
- cephalization
- has a brain and nervous system
- incomplete digestive system - 1 opening
10
Q
flatworms
A
- acoelomates
- gas exchange through diffusion across skin
- no circulatory system
- flame cells remove excess water
11
Q
Platyhelminthes
A
- triploblastic
- protostome
- acoelomates
- can be free living or parasitic
- bilaterial
- cephalization
- 2 sensory lobes
12
Q
what are some characteristics of pseudocoelomates?
A
- triploblastic
- bilateral
- cephalization with a brain and nervous system
- complete digestive system
- no circulation
13
Q
annelida
A
- segmented
- triploblastic
- protostomes
- coelomates
- full digestive system
- bilateral
14
Q
what are some examples of annelida?
A
- earthworms
- leeches
15
Q
earthworms
A
- class oligochaeta
- some segments are specialized for eating and reproduction
- break down waste and excrete waste called castings
- burrow in soil allowing water and air to reach deep into the soil
- stiff bristles on the outside of their body helping them to move
16
Q
leeches
A
- some are parasites and suck others animals’ blood and others eat dead animals
- leeches secrete a chemical that keeps blood from clotting
17
Q
mollusca
A
- has a large foot for movement
- bilateral
- triploblastic
- protostome
- have a viceral mass
- have a mantle
- have a shell
- mostly open circulatory system with the exception of cephalopods
- complex ganglia for nervous system
18
Q
what are some examples of mollusks?
A
- gastropoda (slugs and snails)
- pelecypoda (oysters and clams)
- cephalopoda (octopus and squid)
19
Q
how do mollusks eat?
A
- gastropods: scavengers
- clams and bivalves: filter feeders
- cephalopods: predators
20
Q
what do complex ganglia in mollusks do?
A
- control breathing
- move the foot
- control digestion
21
Q
arthropoda
A
- jointed limbs
- segmented body
- have a head, thorax, and abdomen
- exoskeleton made of chitin or proteins
- triploblastic
- bilateral
- protostomes
- coelomates
22
Q
what are some examples of anthropoda?
A
- crustacea
- arachnida
- chilipoda
- diplopoda
- insecta
23
Q
anthropoda nervous system
A
- cephalization - well developed brain
- most can detect light but not form an image
- some can see images because of compound eyes
24
Q
insecta
A
- triploblastic
- protostome
- segmented
- pair of antennae
- 3 pairs of legs for walking, some use for jumping also
- coelomates
- 2 pairs of wings
- bilateral
25
how do insects develop?
through metamorphosis - from an egg to an adult
26
echinodermata
- spiny skinned
- live on the sea floor
- endoskeleton
- radial
- coelomates
- triploblastic
- deuterostomes
27
what are some examples of echinodermata?
- star fish
- sea urchins
- sea cucumbers
- brittle stars
- sand dollars
28
ganglia
a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber
29
open circulatory system
pump blood into a hemocoel with the blood diffusing back to the circulatory system between cells. blood is pumped by the heart into the body cavities, where tissues are surrounded by the blood
30
closed circulatory system
have the blood closed at all times within vessels of different size and wall thickness. In this type of system, blood is pumped by a heart through vessels, and does not normally fill body cavities
