Investigating human landscapes- Urban area Flashcards
(30 cards)
Exam words
Explain?
Describe?
Why you conducted the data
How you conducted the data
6 stages of an enquiry process
-Develop an enquiry question
-Data collection
-Present data
-Analyse data
-Make conclusions
-Evaluate data collection
What was the enquiry question?
To examine the distribution of shops and services in St Albans’ CBD
4 locations in St Albans and where they are in CBD
St Peter’s Street - inner core
Christopher Place - inner core
Holywell Hill - outer core
Catherine Street - frame
Describe the location of St Albans
2 reasons location is suitable
City in Hertfordshire, north-west of London
-Local area, easy to travel to, walkable size of CBD
Hypothesis def?
A statement linked to geography that will be tested through fieldwork investigation
2 hypotheses
-Highest order shops are in inner core of CBD where land value is highest
-High intensity of use in inner core of CBD e.g pedestrians
Primary data def?
Secondary data def?
Quantitative data def?
Qualitative data def?
Collected first-hand from main sources
Collected second-hand from primary researchers
Numerical data
Detailed descriptions
3 methods of data collection
Environmental quality survey
Pedestrian count
Questionnaire
Environmental quality survey
Describe?
Explain?
Ads and dis?
Walk around each of the 4 sites for 5 mins, give score from -3 to +3 in dif categories e.g litter
Overview of how well maintained it is
Ad- assesses many factors in one score
Dis- based on opinion
Pedestrian count
Describe?
Explain?
Ads and dis?
Two people on each side of pavement, another person times 1min, count how many people pass through, repeat 3 times calculate average
Show busiest areas
Ad- quantitative, no bias
Dis- easy to miscount
Questionnaire
Describe?
Explain?
Ads and dis?
4 questions to ask members of public, ask 3 people in each area
Show locals’ opinions
Ad- locals more knowledgeable
Dis- time consuming
Closed questionnaire def?
Ad & dis?
Question that allows for few answers, e.g yes/no
Ad- easy to plot, compare results
Dis- not detailed
Open questionnaire def?
Ad & dis?
Question that encourages long answers
Ad- detailed
Dis- hard to compare
Systematic sampling
Def?
How we used it?
Ads & dis?
Samples at regular intervals
Every other building on street for land use
Ad- Less errors as it is simple
Dis- Could be affected due to distribution of shops
Stratified sampling
Def?
How we used it?
Ad & dis?
Taking a pattern into account
4 sites across CBD
Ad- Can make comparisons between areas
Dis- Time consuming to plan
Random sampling
How we used it?
Ad & dis?
Approaching people for questionnaires
Ad- representative
Dis- unconscious bias occurs
2 hazards, their risks and preventions?
Hit by a car, could be injured, stay on one side of the road, avoiding crossing
Getting lost, could be dangerous, stay in groups of 3 or more
3 methods of data presentation
Compound bar graph, radar graph, pie chart
Compound bar graph
Showed?
Ads & dis?
Land use, different types of shops in each area
Ad- quickly see mode of each area, show multiple types of shops in one bar
Dis- hard to see specific numbers, hard to plot
Radar graph
Showed?
Ads & dis?
Environmental quality, scores on noise, safety, green space
Ad- easy to see outliers, compare the overall best area
Dis- overlapping data can be confusing, confusing to plot
Pie chart
Showed?
Ads & dis?
Cleanliness on scale of 1-10
Ads- easy to see mode, can compare with colour codes
Dis- only show one area, can be confusing if many options
2 types of secondary data used and what they showed
Census data- low number of residents in CBD, as more shops
Crime data- higher crime rate in centre, as more people visit
3 conclusions drawn?
Link to enquiry question?
-Highest commercial land use in inner core, number of shops is greater in inner core
-High pedestrian count in inner core, more shops in inner core so more people visit
-Best maintained buildings found in inner core, higher order shops in centre, high land value
