ionisation

Question 1

explain ionisation at atomic level

Answer 1

ionisation at atomic level causes disruption to the regular structure of an atom by knocking electrons out of the shells destablising the atom

Question 2

explain ionisation at molecular level

Answer 2

it causes damage to DNA by damaging water molecules releasing free radicals

Question 3

describe the basic atomic structure

Answer 3

• a centralised nuclues containing protons and neutrons
• the protons have a positive cgarge and the neutrons have a negative charge
• orbiting the nucleus are shells called electrons

Question 4

what is excitation

Answer 4

this isn the process in which an electron gains energy

this energy however is not enough for it to overcome binding/ionisation energy but it is enough for it to move to a higher shell

Question 5

what is ionisation/ binding energy

Answer 5

this is the energy required to remove an atoms outer electron

the closer the outer electron is to the nucleaus, the higher the ionisation energy is due to the greater force of attraction between the electron and the nucleus

Question 6

what is ionisation

Answer 6

hwn an atom loses an atom it is rendered as unstable so we call it an ion