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Chemistry > Ions and ionic formula *MUST LEARN* > Flashcards

Ions and ionic formula *MUST LEARN* Flashcards

1
Q

Define the term atom

A

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist.

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2
Q

Define the term ion

A

An ion is an atom which has lost or gained electrons.

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3
Q

Formula and charge of the sulfate ion

A

SO42-

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4
Q

Formula and charge of the phosphate ion

A

PO43-

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5
Q

Formula and charge of the hydroxide ion

A

OH-

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6
Q

Formula and charge of the nitrate ion

A

NO3-

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7
Q

Formula and charge of the carbonate ion

A

CO32-

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8
Q

Formula and charge of a hydrogencarbonate ion

A

HCO3-

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9
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 1 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 1 ion have?

A

A group 1 atom has one outer electron which it loses to form an ion with a 1+ charge.

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10
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 2 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 2 ion have?

A

A group 2 atom has two outer electrons which are lost to form an ion with a 2+ charge.

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11
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 3 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 3 ion have?

A

A group 3 atom has three outer electrons which are lost to form an ion with a 3+ charge.

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12
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 5 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 5 ion have?

A

A group 5 atom has 5 outer electrons and gains 3 more to form an ion with a 3- charge.

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13
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 6 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 6 ion have?

A

A group 6 atom has 6 outer electrons and gains 2 more to form an ion with a 2- charge.

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14
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 7 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 7 ion have?

A

A group 7 atom has 7 outer electrons and gains 1 more to form an ion with a 1- charge.

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15
Q

How many outer electrons does a group 0 atom have, and when it forms an ion, what charge does a group 0 ion have?

A

A group 0 atoms has 8 outer electrons (except helium which has 2) and don’t lose or gain electrons to form ions - they already have a stable outer shell of electrons.

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16
Q

Chemical formula of hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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17
Q

Chemical formula of sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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18
Q

Chemical formula of nitric acid

A

HNO3

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19
Q

Name the two ions in hydrochloric acid

A

H+ and Cl-

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20
Q

Name the two ions in sulfuric acid

A

2 x H+ and SO42-

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21
Q

Name the two ions in nitric acid

A

H+ and NO3-

22
Q

Name the two ions in water

A

H+ and OH-

23
Q

What is the name of the ion NO3- ?

A

nitrate ion

24
Q

What is the name of the ion N3- ?

A

nitride ion

25
Q

What is the name of the ion I-

A

iodide ion

26
Q

Symbol and charge of a lithium ion

A

Li+

27
Q

Symbol and charge of a sodium ion

A

Na+

28
Q

Symbol and charge of a potassium ion

A

K+

29
Q

Symbol and charge of a magnesium ion

A

Mg2+

30
Q

Symbol and charge of a calcium ion

A

Ca2+

31
Q

Symbol and charge of a aluminium ion

A

Al3+

32
Q

Symbol and charge of a nitride ion

A

N3-

33
Q

Symbol and charge of a sulfide ion

A

S2-

34
Q

Symbol and charge of a hydrogen ion

A

H+

35
Q

Symbol and charge of a oxygen ion

A

O2-

36
Q

Symbol and charge of a fluorine ion

A

F-

37
Q

Symbol and charge of a chlorine ion

A

Cl-

38
Q

Symbol and charge of a nickel (II) ion

A

Ni2+

39
Q

Symbol and charge of a tin (II) ion

A

Sn2+

40
Q

Symbol and charge of a strontium ion

A

Sr2+

41
Q

Symbol and charge of a silver ion

A

Ag+

42
Q

Symbol and charge of a barium ion

A

Ba2+

43
Q

Symbol and charge of a chromium ion

A

Cr3+

44
Q

Symbol and charge of an iron (II) ion

A

Fe2+

45
Q

Symbol and charge of an iron (III) ion

A

Fe3+

46
Q

Symbol and charge of a copper (I) ion

A

Cu+

47
Q

Symbol and charge of a copper (II) ion

A

Cu2+

48
Q

Symbol and charge of a lead (II) ion

A

Pb2+

49
Q

Symbol and charge of a zinc ion

A

Zn2+

50
Q

What is the overall charge of any ionic chemical compound

A

neutral - overall charge of positive ions present must be equal to overall charge of negative ions present

Chemistry (7 decks)

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