Structure and bonding *DOUBLE AND TRIPLE* Flashcards
(89 cards)
What are the three states of matter?
The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
In which state are the particles arranged regularly?
Particles are arranged regularly in the solid state.
In which state do particles move quickly in all directions?
Particles move quickly in all directions in the gaseous state.
What state change happens when a substance melts?
When a substance melts it changes from solid to liquid.
What state change happens when a substance condenses?
When a substance condenses it changes from gas to liquid.
In general, which state of matter has particles with the highest energy?
Particles have highest energy in the gaseous state.
What is the melting point of water in 0C?
00C
What is the boiling point of water in 0C?
1000C
When a substance is melted, is energy transferred to or from the surroundings?
When a substance is melted, energy is transferred from the surroundings.
The melting point of sodium is 97.70C. What is the state of sodium at 25.00C?
Solid.
True or false - The temperature changes as a pure substance melts.
FALSE
True or false - When a substance melts, its particles move around and become less ordered.
TRUE
Is melting a physical process or a chemical process?
Melting is a physical process.
What do we call the change of state from a liquid to a gas?
The state change from liquid to gas is called evaporation.
What process takes place when a gas turns into a liquid?
The state change from gas to liquid is condensation.
What process takes place when a liquid is changing from a liquid to a gas throughout its volume (not just at its surface)?
Boiling.
What can link two atoms together?
A bond can link two atoms together.
Name the three types of strong chemical bonds.
The three types of strong chemical bonds are ionic, covalent and metallic.
What do ionic, covalent and metallic bonding all involve?
Ionic, covalent and metallic bonding all involve the transfer or sharing of outer shell electrons.
Describe ionic bonding
Ionic bonding occurs in compounds formed from metals combined with non-metals, where particles form oppositely charged ions by the transfer of outer shell electron/s.
Describe covalent bonding
Covalent bonding occurs in non-metallic elements and compounds of non-metals when outer shell electrons are shared.
Describe metallic bonding
Metallic bonding occurs in metallic elements and alloys and occurs when delocalised outer shell electrons are shared.
Which group of elements is stable and doesn’t form compounds easily?
Noble gases/group 0 elements are stable and don’t form compounds easily.
How is an element’s electron arrangement linked to its position in the periodic table?
Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.