Ions & Ionic Bonding Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is ionic bonding?
Atoms that gain or lose electrons in the outer shell to become more stable
What are ionic bonds always formed between
A metal and a non-metal
What makes an atom stable?
A full outer shell of electrons
Cation means
An atom having more protons than electrons after the bonding due to losing electrons and therefore has a POSITIVE OVERALL CHARGE
Anion means
An atom having more electrons than protons after bonding due to gaining electrons therefore has an OVERALL NEGATIVE CHARGE
Once the atom becomes charged what ending to the atom names take
-ide eg chlorine changes to chloride
Does the metal or non-metal lose electrons?
The METAL always loses electrons
Does the metal or non-metal gain electrons
The NON-METAL gains electrons
What causes a charge of 2-
2 electrons gained to create a full outer shell
What causes a charge of 2+
2 electrons lost to create a full outer shell
What keeps the ions together in a compound?
Opposite charges of each ion makes them attract. Called ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTION
What group on the periodic table doesn’t bond and why?
Group 8 because it already has a full outer shell of electrons
What is electrostatic attraction
The positive and negative ions are strongly attracted to eachother
What is an ion?
An atom or group of atoms that have an electrical charge, either positive or negative
What is a positive ion?
An atom that loses electrons has more protons than electrons and so has a positive overall charge
What is a negative ion?
An atom that gains electrons has more electrons and protons and so has an overall negative charge
Why are ionic compounds solid at room temperature so have high melting and boiling points?
Strong forces of attraction between opposite the charged ions (ionic bonding)
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved?
Ions are free to move and carry an electrical charge
Why are ionic compounds usually soluble in water?
Water has a positive and negative end so ions attract and dissolve
What is the name for the structure in iconic bonding?
Ionic lattice
