Ionto Flashcards
(38 cards)
what is ionto
method to deliver meds through skin
2 advantages of ionto
no skin trauma (decrease infect), less med gets into blood
what is the 1st line of defense for localized inflam
ionto with dexamethasone
what charge is cation? anion? cathode? anode?
+
+
what is hydrolysis
when electrical current flows through water
does H+ and OH- make solutions acidic or basic?
H+ makes solutions acidic
OH- makes solutions basic
what is neutral pH? acidic? basic?
7
< 7
> 7
what color lead is anode? cathode?
red
black
what type of reaction does anode produce? what does it do to tissue?
acidic
vasoconstriction, hardens tissue
what type of rxn does cathode produce? what does it do to tissue?
basic
vasodilation, softens tissue
what is the purpose of dispersive electrode
decrease current density
what 3 things must meds/ionic solutions have
-charged ions
-relatively small ions
-must be in solution
what are 4 cautions with anode and DC
-acidic rxn
-hyperpolarization
-proteosclerosis
-increase healing
what are 4 cautions with cathode and DC
-alkaline rxn/burns
-depolarization
-proteolysis
-bacteriostatic
what is dosage
current * time
what dosage range is indicated for pain and inflam
40-80 mA*min
how is duration related to magnitude of current? ex?
inversely proportional
longer duration, smaller magnitude
what is current density
current / conductive surface of electrode
what is the ceiling current density for anode? cathode?
1mA/cm2
0.5mA/cm2
what happens if current densities are exceeded
skin irritation and burns if delivered with cathode
what is a competing ion
ion that has same charge as therapeutic ion, decreases efficiency of drug delivery
what is a normal skin rxn
-redness and sm blisters
-should go away within min-hours
what 3 structures is penetration easiest at
pores, hair follicles, sebaceous glands
what do buffers do
control pH changes
greater tx dosage, decreased SE
