IP Addresses

Question 1

What do the first two numbers represent of an IP address?

Answer 1

The first two numbers represent the network address

Question 2

What do the last two numbers represent of an IP address?

Answer 2

The last two numbers represent the host address

Question 3

What is the Network ID?

Answer 3

Network ID identifies the network address on which a device or computer can be found.

Question 4

What is the host ID?

Answer 4

Host ID identifies the address of a specific device on the network.

Question 5

What is subnetting?

Answer 5

Subnetting is used to divide the IP address into a network address and the host addresses.
The subnet mask is a number that is used to mask the IP address; it consists of a series of 0s and 1s, and the host address is identified by executing a logical BITWISE AND operation.

Question 6

What is a subnet mask?

Answer 6

Subnet mask is a number used to divide the IP address into a network address and the host addresses.

Question 7

What are the two Ip address standards?

Answer 7

There are currently two IP address standards known as v4 and v6.

Question 8

Why does IPv6 exist?

Answer 8

IP standards have needed to change to accommodate the growth of the number of Internet devices and the consequent need for each device to have a unique IP address

Question 9

What is IP address v4?

Answer 9

IP address v4 is based on the original 32-bit code.

It is written as a set of four decimal numbers of up to three digits, separated by dots.

Question 10

What is IP address v6?

Answer 10

IP address v6 is based on a 128-bit code and can address more devices.

It is written as a set of eight groups of four hexadecimal numbers, separated by colons.

Question 11

What is a public Ip address?

Answer 11

A public IP address is where a device is assigned to permit direct access routed via the Internet; these IP addresses are totally unique and routable.

Question 12

What is an private IP address?

Answer 12

A private IP address is where a device is connected to a private network; for example, a home network system.

Question 13

What can private networks do?

Answer 13

Private networks can be connected to the Internet via a router or a proxy server, in which case the Internet connects to the public IP address of the router / proxy server.

Question 14

What is an DHCP?

Answer 14

Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol in which IP addresses are automatically assigned to devices when they connect to the network. In the case of dynamic addressing, a device may be assigned a different IP address each time that it is connected to the network.

Question 15

What are static IP adresses?

Question 16

What is an dynamic IP address?

Question 17

What is the advantage of using dynamic IP addresses?

Answer 17

The advantage of using dynamic IP addresses is that no administration is necessary and the server automatically keeps a record of the IP addresses connected to the network.

Question 18

What is Network Address Translation?

Answer 18

Network address translation is the technique used to assign a private network a registered public IP address which can then be mapped to the private IP addresses of the devices in the network.

Question 19

What are the benefits of network Address Translation?

Answer 19

• The private IP address is hidden from the Internet, ensuring it is more secure from unauthorised access.
• The number of public IP addresses that need to be registered by an organisation is limited, saving costs and administration.

Question 20

What is port forwarding?

Answer 20

Port forwarding is a technique used to route data to private IP addresses using additional ports.

Question 21

What is a client server model?

Answer 21

A client-server model is where the workstations in any network design use the server to provide a service.

Question 22

What are the different types of servers?

Answer 22

Email server – provides client email handling
* Web server – handles website hosting and client website traffic
* File server – contains network files, including programs and data
* Database server – stores database, and handles client editing, searching and interaction
* Print server – handles client printing by buffering and ordering individual print tasks

Question 23

What is an API?

Answer 23

Application program interface (API) is a set of function calls that enable communication between two programs.

Question 24

What does the API consist of?

Answer 24

The API consists of a set of rules that allow one application to communicate with another or to move data from one application to another.

Question 25

What is an websocket protocol?

Answer 25

Websocket protocol describes the rules for creating a persistent connection between two networked computers to enable real-time data transfer.

Question 26

What does the websocket protocol create?

Answer 26

The websocket protocol creates a persistent connection between the client and web server after a successful handshake routine. This connection is full duplex, meaning that data can be exchanged in both directions.

Question 27

What is CRUD?

Answer 27

The main functions used to control web-based databases are create, retrieve, update and delete – defined by the acronym CRUD.

Question 28

What does the CRUD table look like?

Answer 28

CRUD SQL HTTP
Create INSERT POST
Retrieve SELECT GET
Update UPDATE PUT
Delete DELETE DELETE

Question 29

What does CRUD stand for?

Answer 29

Create, Retrieve, Update and Delete?

Question 30

What are the CRUD Functions important for?

Answer 30

All of the CRUD functions are necessary to create and manage a database.

Question 31

What is SQL?

Answer 31

Structured query language (SQL) is used to control and manage relational databases; it contains equivalent commands to CRUD, as listed in the table shown.

Question 32

What is REST?

Answer 32

Representational state transfer (REST) is a methodology for implementing web-based databases. It makes use of hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) commands to perform the CRUD function necessary to create and manage a database.

Question 33

What are stages of the communication routes REST uses?

Answer 33

The client uses a web browser to send a request to the database.
* The database service request query is identified using its URL (uniform resource locator).
* The API (application program interface) is used to link the client to the database and coordinate the query.
* The service request and associated data are transmitted using HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol).
* The database server response is in the form of XML (extensible markup language) or JSON (JavaScript object notation).