IPv6

Question 1

Kedy boli vycerpane globalne zasoby IPv4?

Answer 1

2011

Question 2

Co sa nachadza na sietovej vrstve IPv4?

Answer 2

IP, ICMP

Question 3

Co sa nachadza na transportnej vrstve IPv4?

Answer 3

TCP, UDP

Question 4

Aka je dlzka IPv4 adresy?

Answer 4

32 bitov

Question 5

Aka je dlzka IPv6 adresy?

Answer 5

128 bitov, zvacsa 64 bitov siet a 64 bitov interface

Question 6

Ake sposoby komunikacie ma IPv6?

Answer 6

unicast, anycast, multicast ale NEMA BROADCAST

Question 7

Preco nema IPv6 broadcast?

Answer 7

Nie je tak pouzivany okrem lokalnej siete, tak to je vymyslene tu inak.

Question 8

Cim je nahradene ARP v IPv6?

Answer 8

Neighbor Discovery

Question 9

Kde nastava fragmentacia paketov v IPv6 na rozdiel od IPv4?

Answer 9

Len u zdroja

Question 10

Ako reprezenutujeme IPv6 adresu?

Answer 10

16-kova sustava, 8 blokov po 4 cislice

Question 11

Co reprezentuje adresa ::1

Answer 11

0000:0000:…:0001 teda suvisle useky 0 vieme vynechat

Question 12

Co repretentuje 1234::abcd?

Answer 12

1234:0000:0000:…:abcd teda vieme vynechat suvisle useky 0

Question 13

V adresnom priestore, co je adresa ::/128?

Answer 13

nespecifikovana adresa, analogia 0.0.0.0

Question 14

V adresnom priestore, co je adresa ::1/128?

Answer 14

loopback (analogia 127.0.0.1)

Question 15

V adresnom priestore, co je adresa FF00::/8?

Answer 15

multicast

Question 16

V adresnom priestore, co je adresa FE80::/10?

Answer 16

link-local unicast

Question 17

Aky je vztah anycastovych adries a unicastovych?

Answer 17

Anycastove su podmnozina unicastovych

Question 18

Co ma kazda normalna IPv6 adresa poslednych 64 bitov?

Answer 18

IID, ak je linkova vrstva ethernet, tak je odvodeny z linkovej adresy

Question 19

Co je Link-local unicast?

Answer 19

Kazdy interface ma aspon 1 link-local adresu, su pouzitelne na komunikaciu medzi susedmi
FE80:0000:0000:0000:IID

Question 20

Ako reprezentujeme broadcast v IPv6?

Answer 20

FF02::1

Question 21

Ake su casti globalnych IPv6 adries?

Answer 21

globalny prefix 48 bitov
subnet 16 bitov
64 bitov IID

Question 22

Aky prefix sa pouziva na reprezentaciu IPv4?

Answer 22

::FFFF:0000:0000/96

Question 23

V akom tvare su sukromne siete v IPv6?

Answer 23

FD00::/8 40 bitov nahodnych, 16bitov subnet a 64 bitov IID

Question 24

Na co sluzi Neighbor Discovery Protocol?

Answer 24

mapovanie IPv6 adresy na linkovu adresu
hladanie routera
zistovanie existencie uzla s danou adresou
detekciu duplicitnych adries
detekciu nedostupnosti suseda
redirect
...

Question 25

Co pouziva Neighbor Discovery?

Answer 25

ICMP - Router Solicitation - Router Advertisiment - Neighbor Solicitation - Neighbor Advertisiment - Redirect

Question 26

Ako prebieha konverzia z IPv6 na linkovu adresu?

Answer 26

- Neighbor Solicitation - multicast na Solicited-node address pre pozadovanu unicast adresu - Neighbor Advertisiment - obsahuje hladanu linkovu adresu - Pre multicast 3333xxxxxxxx kde xxxxxxxx je poslednych 32 bitov multicast adresy

Question 27

Ako prebieha autokonfiguracia IPv6?

Answer 27

1. Vygenerovanie link-local adresy a overenie jedinecnosti 2. Vyslanie Router Solicitation na FF02::2 3. Router posle Router Advertisiment na FF02::1, odtial ziskame info o prefixe, skombinujeme prefix s IID, ziskame default router a optional aj konfiguraciu DNS

Question 28

Ake su zaznamy v DNS pre mapovanie na IPv6 adresy?

Answer 28

AAAA

Question 29

Co pouzivame pre reverzne vyhladavanie IPv6 adries v DNS?

Answer 29

ip6.arpa

Question 30

Ako prebieha reverzne vyhladavanie IPv6 v DNS?

Answer 30

1. IP sa rozdeli po 4 bitoch odzadu - 1234::abcd => d.c.b.a.::.4.3.2:1 2. Jemnejsia granularita ako IPv4

Question 31

Pre kazdu IPv4 adresu aa.bb.cc.dd existuje IPv6 v tvare...

Answer 31

2002:aabb:ccdd::/48

Question 32

Pakety do inej IPv6 siete smeruju zabalene do IPv4 cez aky relay?

Answer 32

192.88.99.1

Question 33

Su dnes bezne OS pripravene na prechod na IPv6?

Answer 33

Ano

Question 34

Kde je problem pre prechod na Ipv6?

Answer 34

V aplikacnych protokoloch

Question 35

Je mozna priama komunikacia medzi Ipv4 a IPv6?

Answer 35

Nie

Question 36

Co vieme pouzit na komunikaciu medzi Ipv4 a IPv6?

Answer 36

proxy servery na aplikacnej urovni alebo IPv6/Ipv4 translatory

Question 37

Co patri medzi IPv4/IPv6 translatory?

Answer 37

IPv6 klient -> IPv4 server DNS64 - konvertuje A na AAAA NAT64 - priradi IPv4 adresu IPv6 adrese klienta a prepisuje IPv6 hlavicku na IPv4 a naopak

Question 38

Pozri si este priklady na konci prez.

Answer 38

KUKNI mORE