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IR - Current Affairs - Prelims 2025 > IR - Initiatives in News - COMPASS 2025 > Flashcards

IR - Initiatives in News - COMPASS 2025 Flashcards

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1
Q

What incident raised concerns regarding Indian emigrants in foreign nations?

A

Indian workers being recruited by the Russian Army for the Russia-Ukraine war

This incident highlighted the vulnerability and exploitation of Indian emigrants.

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the Emigration Act, 1983?

A

To protect the interests of Indian workers going abroad and regulate emigration procedures.

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3
Q

Who is responsible for protecting the interests of Indian workers abroad?

A

Protector General of Emigrants.

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4
Q

What are ECR countries?

A

Countries that do not have strict laws regulating the entry and employment of foreign nationals and lack grievance redressal avenues.

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5
Q

How many ECR countries are currently listed?

A

18 ECR countries.

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6
Q

What is required for ECR passport holders going to ECR countries for employment?

A

Emigration clearance from the Protector of Emigrants.

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7
Q

What powers does the Protector General of Emigrants have?

A

Grant and renew Registration Certificates, suspend or revoke RC, issue permits, sanction prosecution, and inspect recruitment agency records.

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8
Q

Who are exempted from ECR provisions?

A
  • Holders of Diplomatic/Official Passports
  • Gazetted Government Servants
  • Income-tax payers
  • Professional degree holders
  • Persons holding class 10 or higher qualification
  • Persons with permanent immigration visas
  • Nurses recognized by Indian Nursing Council
  • Persons above 50 years
  • Persons staying abroad for more than three years
  • Children below 18 years
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9
Q

When did the first group of Indians arrive in Suriname?

A

6th June 1873.

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10
Q

What is the capital of Suriname?

A

Paramaribo.

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11
Q

What does the European Sky Shield Initiative aim to develop?

A

A common air and missile defence system for NATO and European airspace.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the Financial Intermediary Fund (FIF)?

A

To strengthen pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response capabilities in low- and middle-income countries.

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13
Q

What initiative focuses on the expansion of technology partnerships between India and the US?

A

Initiative for Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET).

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14
Q

What is the Nord Stream 2 pipeline?

A

A 1,200 km pipeline from Russia to Germany, valued at around $11 billion.

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15
Q

Which countries border the Baltic Sea?

A
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • Germany
  • Latvia
  • Lithuania
  • Poland
  • Russia
  • Sweden
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16
Q

What is the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA)?

A

An intergovernmental organisation aimed at strengthening regional cooperation and sustainable development in the Indian Ocean region.

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17
Q

What are the priority areas of IORA?

A
  • Maritime safety & security
  • Trade & investment facilitation
  • Fisheries management
  • Disaster risk management
  • Tourism & Cultural exchanges
  • Academic, science and technology cooperation
  • Blue economy
  • Women’s economic empowerment
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18
Q

What is the International Energy Agency (IEA) created in response to?

A

The 1973-1974 oil crisis.

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19
Q

What is the role of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)?

A

To lead the Olympic Movement and ensure the regular celebration of Olympic Games.

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20
Q

What changes were introduced in the Olympic Charter during the IOC session in Mumbai?

A

Strengthened human rights commitments and freedom of expression for competitors and officials.

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21
Q

What is required for a sport to be included in the Olympics?

A

It must comply with the Olympic Charter and World Anti-Doping Code.

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22
Q

Which games were approved for inclusion in the Los Angeles 2028 Olympics?

A
  • Cricket
  • Flag Football
  • Lacrosse
  • Squash
  • Baseball-softball
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23
Q

Which five games were proposed for inclusion in the Los Angeles 2028 Olympics?

A

Cricket, Flag Football, Lacrosse, Squash, Baseball-Softball

This marks the first time cricket will be included in the Olympic Games.

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24
Q

What is the primary role of the Commission on Limits of Continental Shelf?

A

To make recommendations to coastal States regarding the establishment of the outer limits of their continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles

Established under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

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25
What does the NOPEC bill aim to achieve?
Protect U.S. consumers and businesses from engineered oil spikes ## Footnote It seeks to revoke the sovereign immunity of OPEC+ members from lawsuits.
26
What is the Macolin Convention focused on?
Preventing and sanctioning the manipulation of sports competitions ## Footnote It is the only international legal instrument addressing match-fixing.
27
Which countries are members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)?
Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Armenia ## Footnote It aims for regional economic integration and free movement of goods, services, capital, and labor.
28
What is the purpose of the Indo-Pacific Partnership for Maritime Domain Awareness (IPMDA)?
To respond to humanitarian disasters and combat illegal fishing ## Footnote It involves collaboration with regional partners for enhanced maritime domain awareness.
29
What are the main objectives of the Southern African Development Community (SADC)?
Economic development, peace and security, poverty alleviation, enhancing quality of life ## Footnote Established to support regional integration and cooperation among member states.
30
What does the India-UN Development Partnership Fund focus on?
Supports demand-driven, transformational sustainable development projects in developing countries ## Footnote It emphasizes collaboration with least developed countries and small island developing states.
31
What significant change occurred regarding India's status on the United States' Currency Monitoring List?
India was removed from the Currency Monitoring List ## Footnote This change reflects India's economic policies meeting the criteria set by the U.S.
32
What does the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue (IPRD) aim to address?
Geopolitics in the Indo-Pacific region and identify opportunities and threats ## Footnote It is an annual conference led by the Indian Navy.
33
What is the China-Plus-One strategy?
A strategy where companies diversify investments to alternative destinations beyond China ## Footnote This approach gained traction due to supply chain disruptions from Beijing's policies.
34
What are the five points of the ASEAN Consensus regarding Myanmar?
* Immediate cessation of violence * Constructive dialogue among parties * Special envoy mediation * Humanitarian assistance * Special envoy visit to Myanmar ## Footnote These points were agreed upon to address the crisis in Myanmar.
35
What advantages does the India-Australia ECTA provide?
Preferential market access on 100% tariff lines, zero customs duty on Indian goods ## Footnote It aims to enhance trade between India and Australia.
36
What is the significance of the Pacific Islands in terms of Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)?
They have some of the largest EEZs in the world despite being small and less populated ## Footnote This geographic region comprises 14 states and is divided into Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.
37
What is the role of the International Law Commission (ILC)?
To encourage the progressive development and codification of international law ## Footnote It was established by the UN General Assembly in 1947.
38
What impact does sea-level rise have on international law?
It affects baselines and maritime zones, leading to forced migration and potential submergence of territories ## Footnote This presents novel challenges for international law.
39
Which states make up the Federated States of Micronesia?
Yap, Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei ## Footnote Pohnpei is where the capital, Palikir, is located.
40
What impact will sea-level rise have on international law?
It will impact baselines and maritime zones, increase competition over natural resources, cause forced migration and displacement, and challenge the existence of states.
41
What are the four island states of the Federated States of Micronesia?
* Yap * Chuuk * Kosrae * Pohnpei
42
What is the Lancang-Mekong area known for?
It is one of the regions with the greatest development potential in Asia.
43
What is Twiplomacy?
It is the combination of traditional and digital diplomacy via Twitter.
44
What are critical minerals?
Elements that are essential for modern technologies and are at risk of supply chain disruptions.
45
What is the purpose of the Geneva Package under the WTO?
It aims to address various trade issues among member countries.
46
How often does the Ministerial Conference of the WTO meet?
Once every two years.
47
What was a key issue negotiators could not reach agreements on in agriculture during the WTO talks?
Permissible public stockholding threshold for domestic food security.
48
What agreement did India achieve regarding fisheries at the WTO?
Elimination of subsidies for illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing.
49
What does the MPIA stand for?
Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement.
50
What is the Dispute Settlement Body responsible for in the WTO?
It is responsible for settling disputes and establishing panels of experts.
51
What is the first stage of the WTO dispute settlement process?
Consultation.
52
What is the Antarctic Treaty aimed at?
Demilitarizing Antarctica and establishing it as a zone for peaceful research.
53
Which country signed the Antarctic Treaty in 1983?
India.
54
What is the Antarctic Treaty System?
It includes treaties like the Convention on Conservation of Antarctic Seals and the Protocol on Environmental Protection.
55
What are the penalties specified in the India Antarctic Bill for conducting a nuclear explosion in Antarctica?
Imprisonment of 20 years to life and a fine of at least Rs 50 crore.
56
What is the significance of Antarctica in global climate processes?
It plays an integral role in Earth’s heat balance.
57
What was India's first Antarctica expedition called?
Operation Gangotri.
58
What is the Comprehensive Migration and Mobility Partnership agreement between India and Germany focused on?
Boosting travel for students, researchers, investors, and businesses.
59
What area has overlapping claims leading to regional conflict in the South China Sea?
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).
60
What did China assert over the South China Sea?
Sovereignty over nearly the entire area, marked by the Nine-Dash Line.
61
What is the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea intended to facilitate?
The conclusion of an effective Code of Conduct on a mutually agreed timeline.
62
What does the Istanbul Convention aim to prevent?
All forms of violence against women.
63
What was Turkey's reason for withdrawing from the Istanbul Convention?
Claiming it demeans traditional family structure and promotes acceptance of LGBTQ.
64
What is the primary aim of the Istanbul Convention?
To prevent and prosecute all forms of violence against women, promote gender equality, and ensure protection and rehabilitation of women who are victims of violence.
65
When was the Istanbul Convention opened for ratification?
2011
66
Which country was the first to ratify the Istanbul Convention?
Turkey
67
What are rules of origin?
Criteria needed to determine the national source of a product.
68
Why are rules of origin important?
Duties and restrictions in several cases depend upon the source of imports.
69
What are CAROTAR Rules?
Customs (Administration of Rules of Origin under Trade Agreements) that came into effect from September 2020.
70
What does CAROTAR empower customs officers to do?
Ask the importer to furnish further information if there are reasons to believe that country-of-origin criteria have not been met.
71
What is required for goods exported to India under FTAs?
Proof of 35% value addition in goods from the country.
72
When was the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) signed between India and EFTA countries?
March 2024
73
Which countries are members of EFTA?
* Iceland * Liechtenstein * Norway * Switzerland
74
What is the main purpose of the EFTA organization?
Promotion of free trade and economic integration between its members.
75
What does the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) assist with?
Serious medium-term balance of payments problems due to structural weaknesses.
76
What is the typical duration for an EFF arrangement?
Three to four years.
77
What is the Resilience & Sustainability Facility (RSF) designed to address?
Longer-term challenges, including climate change and pandemic preparedness.
78
What are the eligibility conditions for RSF financing?
* High quality policy reforms * A concurrent IMF-supported program * Sustainable debt & adequate capacity to repay
79
What is the maturity period for RSF arrangements?
20 years with a 10.5-year grace period.
80
What is the Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable (GSDR)?
A platform launched by the IMF and World Bank to facilitate the debt resolution process.
81
What is the Black Sea Grain deal aimed at addressing?
Escalating food prices due to supply chain disruptions from Russian actions.
82
What is the primary conflict in Sudan about?
Civil war between two rival factions of the military government.
83
Which regions are primarily affected by the conflict in Sudan?
Khartoum and Darfur region.
84
Who leads the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF)?
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
85
Who leads the Rapid Support Forces (RSF)?
Hemedti
86
Which ethnic group has been targeted by the RSF in Sudan?
Masalit community
87
What is the principal border crossing used by refugees from Sudan to Chad?
Adre town

IR - Current Affairs - Prelims 2025 (8 decks)

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