Ireland Flashcards
(31 cards)
The Troubles
1960s-80s riots between Protestants and Catholics in Belfast and Londonderry. = decades
Bloody Sunday (3)
January, 31st 1972
13 unarmed demonstrators shot during protest march in streets of Londonderry
Part of The Troubles
The peace process (3)
Good Friday agreement = Good Friday 1998
2005; IRA gives up all weapons
July 2007; ending military presence by Britain
IRA
Irish Republican Army; paramilitary organization in Ireland during the Troubles.
Orangemen
Battle of Boyne (1690) William of Orange (protestant) fights James II (Catholic) and wins.
Loyalists & protestants
Potato famine (2)
1845-1849; 1/2 of population (poor & Catholic) depending on potatoes => extinction of Catholics in Ireland
Easter Rising
= Easter Rebelion
April 1916; during WWI
15 men = leaders = executed at Kilmainham Jail
Establishment of Irish Republic (1,600 followers)
Against Irish home rule
Irish Home Rule
Political movement
Reduce political control by British State => self-governing => full Irish republic
Ulster (2)
Province of Northern Ireland
6 counties; Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry & Tyrone
Shamrock (3)
Symbol of Ireland
Symbol of luck
3 leaves = godly unit of three
Flag of Ireland (3)
Green is Gaelic ttradition of Ireland
Orange is followers of William of Orange in Ireland
White is aspiration for peace between them
Harp (4)
Symbol of Ireland
Celtic harp = coins, Ryan Air, Guiness, Irish Mythology stories
Christianity
Famous Irish harp = Uaithne owned by Dagda = important God in Irish Mythology
Guiness (5)
Beer brewery in Dublin
Stout beer = black with creamy foam
Arthur Guiness; more wages, widows pension, paid for free days, offered free healthcare, free education
1930: 1 in 10 men were depending on Guiness brewery
Book of Kells (4)
800ad by Celtic monks
Master piece of Western calligraphy and insular art (early medieval art)
Contains 4 gospels of New Testiment in Latin. Manuscript in Trinity College Library in Dublin
Taoiseach (3)
Head of government in Ireland = prime minister =
Leo Varadkar
Appointed by the president
Oireachtas (4)
Government of Ireland;
President +
2 chambers; Dáil Éireann (lower house) + Seanad Éireann (upper house)
President of Ireland
Michael D. Higgins
Celtic
Celts established in Ireland
100bc - 900ad
Religion in Ireland
Roman Catholic
Climate of Ireland (3)
Maritime;
warm ocean current = North Atlantic Drift => mild sea temperatures
Hills + mountains shelter island from strong winds off the ocean
Famous Irish people
James Joyce; novelist, poet, modernist avant-garde 20thC (Ulysses 1922= Homer's Odyssey paralleled in contrasting literary styles + Short stories Dubliners) Oscar Wilde (1854-1900); author, playwright, poet. (Picture of Dorian Gray) Yeats: poet, foremost figures of 20thC literature Irish + British, Irish senator 2 terms. Driving forse Irish Literary Revival, founder Abbey Theatre, Nobel Prize for Literature 1923.
Gaelic Football
team sport of 15 players on rectangular grass pitch, football in goal = 3points over the crossbar 1 point.
Hurling
Team sport of prehistoric origins, fastest field sport. Sliotar via hurley = wooden stick, in goal, garded by goalkeeper = 3 points, over crossbar 1 point. Sliotar can be caught in the hand, carried (not more than 4 steps or bounce in between steps) struck on the ground with hurley or in air, kicked, slapped with an open hand.
Currency
Ireland = Euro
Northern Ireland =British pounds
