Iron deficiency anemia

Question 1

Iron deficiency anemia is the most what?

Answer 1

Most common form of anemia

Question 2

What are the 8 etiology of Iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 2

Inadequate dietary intake
Malabsorption
Blood Loss
Menstrual blood loss
Hemolysis
Dialysis
Frequent blood draws
Pregnancy & rapid blood loss can cause hemodilution

Question 3

What is the anagram to help me remember the 8 etiology of Iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 3

In
Malibu
Blonde
Men
Hand
Down
Free
Pregnancy test

Question 4

Iron Deficiency anemia
Etiology
Inadequate dietary intake

When having an inadequate dietary intake of iron, we are only consuming about how much?
Is this the most common nutritional disorder? True or false
Who are at most risk? (3)

Answer 4

5-10%
True
Children, Women with kids & poor diet

Question 5

Two most common cause of anemia related to bleeding are?

Answer 5

Menstral bleeding
GI bleeding

Question 6

How does malabsorption play a role in causing iron deficiency anemia?

Where is iron absorbed?

Answer 6

Disease and surgery that alter, destroy, or remove the absorption surface if this area of the intestine causes anemia

It’s absorbed in the duodenum

Question 7

Blood loss for iron deficiency anemia

2mL whole blood contains how many iron?
Is this the major cause of Iron deficient in adults? True or false
Chronic blood loss most commonly through GI and GU systems, which is dangerous why?
And with that GI bleed, what will we see?

Answer 7

1mg
True
Because GI bleed cause be un noticed and 50-75 Ml can be loss
Color of stool change

Question 8

What’s the average blood loss for menstrual blood loss and equals to how many MG of iron?

Answer 8

45 ml loss of blood
22 mg of iron

Question 9

Pregnancy & rapid blood loss causes hemo diluation
What does that mean?

Answer 9

The amount of RBC that we have, doesn’t change
But the amount of plasma or circulating volume increases

Question 10

What are the clinical manifestation of iron deficiency anemia?
What is the most common finding
What is the 2nd most common ?
And describe each one
(5)

Answer 10

Pallor ( most common )
- pale

Glossitis ( 2nd most common )
- Inflammation if tongue ; bright red & irritated

Cheilitis
- inflammation of lips

Parasthesias
- numbness & tingling

Headache

Question 11

What are the diagnostic studies we are going to do for iron deficiency anemia? (5)

Answer 11

Labatory findings
( CBC )
Stool guaiac test
( blood in stool )
Endoscopy
Colonoscopy
Bone marrow biopsy

Question 12

What is the goal for treating iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 12

Treating the underlying disease causing reduced intake or absorption or iron

Question 13

What are the efforts that we aim to replace iron for iron deficiency anemia? (3)
What are we going to give to patients who are anemic from iron deficiency?

Answer 13

Nutritional therapy
Oral/occasional parenteral iron supplements
Transfusion of packed RBCS

Question 14

Iron deficiency anemia
Oral iron
What’s the main medication we see? (2)

Answer 14

Ferrous sulfate & ferrous gluconate in an acidic environment

Question 15

What is the side effects of oral iron? (6)

Answer 15

Heartburn
Constipation
Change in stool color
( green, black tarry )
Diarrhea
Nausea
Gi upset ( not being hungry )

Question 16

What are the 4 factors to consider for drug therapy iron deficiency for oral?

Answer 16

Enteric coated or sustained releases capsules are counterproductive

Take on empty stomach

Vitamin C helps with absorption

Daily dose is 150-200mg of elemental iron

Question 17

Liquid iron should be diluted and ingested through a straw? True of false

Answer 17

True

Question 18

When do we give parenteral iron to patients for iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 18

For malabsorption, oral iron intolerance, need for iron beyond normal limits, poor patient compliance

Question 19

Parenteral iron
How can it be given? (2)
It can cause what?
If given through IM it may stain what?
( so we use what?)

Answer 19

IM or IV
Allergy
stain skin
Z track method
( decrease the amount of staining by creating that seal )

Question 20

Who are the risk of groups for iron deficiency anemia? (6)

Answer 20

Individuals experiencing blood loss
Older adults
Person from low socio background
Premenopausal woman
Pregnant women
Toddlers who drink too much milk

Question 21

Iron deficiency anemia
What are we as nurses going to do for our patient? (6)
Think about what we are going to say and look for

Answer 21

Diet teaching
Supplemental iron
Educate patient
Monitor diagnostic studies
Emphasize compliance
Iron therapy 2-3 months after hemoglobins go back to normal