Irregular verbs Flashcards by Barb Law

Apagar

R in all but preterite yo = apague (accent on e)

To turn off

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Buscar

Reg in all but pretérito yo = busque, accent on e

To look for

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Cerrar

Irr in present ‘boot’; ‘e’ to ‘ie’ (cierro etc)

To close

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Dar

Irr in: present yo = doy; pretérito all use ‘ir’ endings; imper 3rd sing = de (accented e)

To give

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Encontrar

Irr in pretérito, ‘boot’: ‘o’ to ‘ue’; same change for affirm tu, el and ellos

To find

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Estar

Irr in:
Present: estoy, estas, esta, estamos, estan
Preterite: estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvieron
Imperative Affirmative: tu está, ud esté, Uds estén; neg tu no estés (ud and Uds same as aff)

To be 
3 uses
1. Localization 
2. Estado temporal
3. Acciones progresivas (with the gerund).

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Llegar

Irr in pretérito yo = llegue. Accent on 2nd e;
Imperative aff ud llegue, nos lleguemos, Uds lleguen; neg all forms ‘gu’ plus ending

To arrive

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Pagar

Irr in yo pretérito = pague (accented e)
Imperative aff: ud pague, nos. Paguemos, Uds paguen; all neg forms have ‘gu’

To pay

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Pensar

Irr In Present boot “e” to “ie” ; same for
Imperative affirmative and negative tu, ud and Uds

To think

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Platicar , charlar (R for all)

Pretérito yo = platiqué; also ‘qu’ replaces ‘c’ in imperative aff ud, nos, Uds and all negs

To chat

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Probar

present boot and imp tu, ud and Uds (AFP and neg): ‘o’ changes to ‘ue’

To test, to taste

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Sacar

Pretérito yo, imperative aff ud, nos, Uds and all neg forms: “c” to “qu”

To take out, to take a photo

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Recomendar

Present boot, imp tu, ud, Uds ( add and neg): change “ e” to “ie”

To recommend

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Recordar

Present “ boot” and imp tu, ud and Uds (Aff and neg): change “o” to “ue”

To remember

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Tocar

Present yo, imp aff tu, ud and Uds and all neg: change “c” to “qu”

To touch, to play an instrument

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Leer

Irr
Gerund = leyendo
Pretérito: tu leíste, el leyó, nos. Leímos, ellos leyeron
( besides change to y, irregular because of accents)

To read

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Prender

R for all but two past participle for s: R prendido, and I preso

To hang

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Abrir

Irr past participle: abierto; r for all else

To open

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Describir

Irr past participle: descrito, descripto; R for all else

To describe

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Escribir

Irr past participle: escrito, escripto; R for all else

To write

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Perder

Present “boot” and imperative tu, ud and Uds (aff and neg):
change “e” to “ie”

To lose

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Querer

Present “boot” and imperative tu, ud and Uds (aff and neg):
Change “e” to “ie”

Pretérito; quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisieron
Cond and futuro: add a 2nd “r” to stem

To want, to love

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Poder

Pres participle: pudiendo
Present boot and all imp tu, ud, Uds: change “o” to “ue”
Pretérito: pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudieron

To be able to (can, power)

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Volver

Past participle: vuelto
Present “boot” and all imp tu, ud, Uds: change “o” to “ue”

To return

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Devolver Past participle: devuelto Present "boot" and all imp tu, ud, Uds: change "o" to " ue"

To return something, to give back

Costar Present "boot" and all imp tu, ud and Uds: change "o" to "ue"

To cost

Empezar, comenzar Present boot: change "e" to "ie" Pretérito: yo = empecé , comencé Imp aff: tu empieza, usted empiece, nos. Empecemos, Uds empiecen Neg: tu no empieces, usted no empiece, nos. No empecemos, Uds no empiecen Similar for comenzar - use empezar

To begin

Almorzar Present boot: change "o" to "ue" Pretérito yo = almorcé Imperative: almuerza, almuerce, almorcemos, almuercen; No almuerces, no almuerce, no almorcemos, no almuercen

To have lunch

Mostrar Present "boot" and all imp tu, ud, Uds: change "o" to "ue"

To show

Jugar Present "boot" : change "u" to "ue" Pretérito yo = jugué Imp aff juega, juegue, juguemos, jueguen; Neg no juegues, no juegue, no juguemos, no jueguen

To play a sport

Mentir Pres participle: mintiendo Present "boot" change "e" to "ie" Imp aff: miente, mienta, mintamos, mientan Neg: no mientas, no mienta, no mintamos, no mientan

To lie

Preferir Pres participle: prefiriendo Present "boot" 2nd "e" changes to "ie" Pretérito: 3rd person sing and plural- "e" changes to "i " Imp aff : prefiere, prefiera, prefiramos, prefieran Imp neg: no prefieras, no prefiera, no prefiramos, no prefieran

To prefer

Dormir Pres participle: durmiendo Present "boot": "0". Changes to "ue" Pretérito: 3rd person sing and plural: "o". Hangers to "u" Imp aff: duerme, duerma, durmamos, duerman Imp neg: no duermas, no duerma, no durmamos, no duerman

To sleep

Morir Pres participle: muriendo; Past participle: muerto Present "boot": change "o" to "ue" Pretérito: el y ellos: change "o" to "u" Imp aff: muere, muera, muramos, mueran Imp,neg: no mueras, no muera, no muramos, no mueran

To die

Servir Pres participle: sirviendo Present "boot" and pretérito el and ellos: change "e" to "i "

To serve

Pedir Pres participle: pidiendo Present "boot" and pretérito el and ellos: change "e" to "i " Imp aff: pide, pida, pidamos, pidan Imp neg: all change "e" to "i "

To ask for

Repetir Pres participle: repitiendo Present "boot" and pretérito el and ellos: change 2nd "e" to "i " Imp all forms change 2nd "e" to "i "

To repeat

Ver Past participle: visto Present yo = veo Pretérito: yo vi, el vio Imperfect: add an "e" between v and all endings Imp aff: ve, vea, veamos, vean Imp neg: no veas, no vea, no veamos, no vean

To see

Escoger Present yo = escojo Imp change "g" to "j" for all but aff yo

To choose

Proteger Present yo = protejo Imp all forms except yo change "g" to "j"

To protect

Corregir Pres participle: corrigiendo Present " boot" and pretérito el and ellos change "e" to "i"; Present yo = corrijo Imp aff tu = corrige; all others stem is corrij

To correct

Decir. Mostly irreg except I perfect Pres participle diciendo Past participle: dicho Present: digo, dices, dice, decimos, dicen Pretérito: dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijeron Conditional/ futuro: all forms stem is dir Imp aff di, diga, digamos, digan Imp neg no digas, no diga, no digamos, no digan

To say, to tell

Venir. Mostly irreg except imperfect, past part Pres part viniendo Present: vengo, vienes, viene, venimos, vienen Pretérito: vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinieron Cond and fit: stem for all is vendr Imp stem for all is veng except tu ven

To come, to arrive

Oír ``` Pres part oyendo Present: oigo, oyes, oye, oímos, oyen Pretérito: oi, oíste, oyó, oímos, oyeron Imp aff: oye, oiga, oigamos, oigan Imp neg: no oigas, no oiga, no oigamos, no oigan ```

To hear

Tostar Pres "boot" and all imp tu, ud, Uds: change "o" to "ue"

To toast

Volar Present "boot" and all imp tu,ud and Uds: change "o" to "ue"

To fly

Recoger Present yo = recojo Imp all forms stem is recoj except to recoge

To pick up (as in clothing)

Avanzar Pretérito yo = avance with accent on e Imp stem for all forms is avanc except tu avanza

To progress

Criticar Pretérito yo = critique accent e Imp stem for all forms critiqu except tu critica

To criticize

Caber Present yo = quepo Pretérito: cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, cupieron Cond and fur stem for all is cabr Imp all forms stem is quep except tu cabe

To fit

Caminar, (andar) R for all (Pretérito anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, anduvieron

To walk, second also to go

Huir Pres part huyendo Present huyo, huyes, huye, huimos, huyen Preterito: hui, huiste, huyó, huimos, huyeron Imp all forms stem is huy

To run away

Incluir Pres part incluyendo Pres boot and pretérito el and ellos: change "i " to "y" Imp stem for all: incluy

To include

Influir Same as incluir; change "i " to "y" pres part, present boot, pretérito el and ellos, all imp

To influence

Construir Same as incluir; change "i " to "y" pres part, present boot, pretérito el and ellos, all imp

To construct

Destruir Same as incluir; change "i " to "y" pres part, present boot, pretérito el and ellos, all imp

To destroy

Caer Pres part cayendo Present yo = caigo Pretérito: caí, caíste, cayó, caímos, cayeron Imp all forms stem caig except tu cae

To fall

Despedir Pres part despidiendo Present boot and all imp forms : change 2nd e to i

To fire, to say goodbye

Organizar Pretérito yo = organice with accent on e Imp all forms stem organic except tu organiza

To organize

Descargar Pretérito yo = descargué Imp all forms stem is descargu except tu descarga

To download, to unload

Entender Present " boot" and imperative tu, ud and Uds (aff and neg): change "e" to "ie"

To understand

Ser Present: soy, eres, es, somos, son Preterito: fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron Imperfecto: era, eras, era, éramos, eran

To be

Haber, (hay) Present: he, has, ha(hay), hemos, han (use limited to present perfect tense with past participle) Preterito: hube, hubiste, hubo, hubimos, hubieron Cond and futuro: stem is habr Imp: stem for all is hay" except tu he Present: hay

Have (there is, there are)

Ir Pres part yendo Present: voy, vas, va, vamos, van Preterito: fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron Imp: iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, iban Imp aff: ve, vaya, vayamos, vayan Imp neg: no vayas, no vaya, no vayamos, no vayan

Tener Present: tengo, tienes, tiene, tenemos, tienen Preterito: tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvieron Cond/fut: root is tendr Imp: stem is "teng" for all except tu-ten

Have

Poner Past part. Puesto Present yo = pongo Preterito: puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusieron Cond/fut stem = "pond" Imperative stem for all is "pong" except tu=pon

Put

Saber Present yo,= se with accented e Preterito: supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supieron Cond/fut: stem for all is "sabr " Imp stem for all is "sep" except tu sabe

Know, taste

Contraer Pres part: contrayendo Present yo = contraigo Preterito: contraje, contrajiste, contrajo, contrajimos, contrajeron Imp: stem for all is "contraig" except tu contrae

Contract

Conocer Present yo = conozco Imp stem for all is "conozc" except tu conoce

Know, meet

Conducir Present yo = conduzco Preterito: conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, condujeron Imp: stem for all is conduzc except tu conduce

Lead, drive

Defender Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change 2nd "e" to "ie"

Defend

Descender Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change 2nd "e" to "ie"

Descend

Encender Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change 2nd "e" to "ie"

Turn on, light

Extender Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change 2nd "e" to "ie"

Extend

Tender Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change 2nd "e" to "ie"

Hang

Invertir Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change "e" to "ie" Preterito: 3rd sing/pl, and all imp: change "e" to "i "

Invest

Sugerir Present part sugiriendo Present "boot" and all imp except nos.: change "e" to "ie" Preterito: 3rd sing/pl: change "e" to "i " Imp: all forms change "e" to "i "

Suggest

Conseguir Pres part. Consiguiendo Present: yo = consigo; all other "boot" change "e" to "i" Preterito: 3rd sing and plural change "e" to "i " Imp stem is "consig" for all but tu consigue

Get

Desvestir Pres part. Desvistiendo Present "boot": change 2nd "e" to "i " Preterito 3rd sing/pl and all imp: change 2nd "e" to "i "

Undress

Distinguir Present yo = distingo Imp,all forms stem is distinga except tu distingue

Distinguish, tell the difference

Traer Pres part = trayendo Present yo = traigo Preterito: traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajeron Imperative stem is "traig" for all except tu trae

Bring

Escoger Present yo = escojo Imp stem escoj for all except tu escoge

Choose

Dirigir Present yo = dirijo Imp stem dirij for all but tu dirige

Manage, run

Salir Present yo = salgo Cond/cut stem for all "saldr" Imp stem "salg" for all but tu sal

Go out, leave

Seguir Pres part siguiendo Present: sigo, sigues, sigue, seguimos, siguen Preterito: 3rd sing/ pl change "e" to "i " Imp stem for all is "sig" but tu sigue

Satisfacer Past part satisfecho Present yo satisfago Preterito: satisfice, satisficiste, satisfizo, satisficimos, satisficieron Cond/fut stem for all: satisfar Imp stem satisfag except tu satisface or satisfaz

Satisfy

Divertir Pres part Divirtiendo Present "boot" and all imp exc nos.: change "e" to "ie" Preterito 3rd sing/pl and imp nos. : change "e" to "i "

Amuse, entertain

Sonreír Pres part sonriendo Pres "boot" change "e" to "i " Preterito: sonreí, sonreíste, sonríe, sonreímos, sonrieron Imp stem for all: sonrí ( no accent for nos.)

Smile

Sentir Pres part. Sintiendo Present "boot" and all imp exc nos.: change "e" to "ie" Preterito 3rd sing/pl and imp nos.: change "e" to "i"

Feel

Advertir Pres part. Advirtiendo Present boot and imp all but nos.: change "e" to "ie" Preterito 3rd sing/pl and imp nos: change "e" to "i"

Warn

Vestir Pres part vistiendo Present boot, Preterito 3rd sing/pl and all imp: change "e" to "i"

Wear

Hervir Pres part hirviendo Present boot and imp all but nos.: change "e" to "ie" Preterito 3rd sing/pl and imp nos: change "e" to "i"

Boil

Reir Pres part riendo Present boot, Preterito 3rd sing/pl and all Imp: change "e" to "i"

Smile

Acostar

Lay down

Contar

Count, tell

Llover

Rain

Morder

Bite

Mover

Move

Oler

Smell

Soler

Use to

Atravesar

Cross

Suponer. See poner

Suppose

Sentar

Sit

Hacer, Past part hecho Present yo. Hago

Do, make

Valer Present yo. Valgo

Cost, be worth

Elegir Pres part eligiendo Past part electo (also elegido) Present boot, Preterito 3rd sing/pl: change 2nd "e" to "i" Present yo elijo Imp stem for all "Elij" except aff tu elige

Elect

Freír Pres part friendo Past part frito (also reg freído) Present: frío, fríes, fríe, freímos, fríen Preterito: frei (accent on i), freíste, frío, freímos, frieron Imp stem fri for all

Fry

Medir Pres part midiendo Present boot, Preterito 3rd sing/pl and all imp: change "e" to "i"

Measure

Perseguir Pres part. Persiguiendo Pres yo persigo Present boot and Preterito 3rd sing/pl: change 2nd "e" to "i" Imp stem persig for all but aff tu persigue

Pursue

Seguir Pres part. Siguiendo Pres yo sigo Present boot and Preterito 3rd sing/pl: change 2nd "e" to "i" Imp stem sig for all but aff tu sigue

Contener

Contain

Mantener

Hold

Obtener Present: obtengo, obtienes, obtiene, obtenemos, obtienen Preterito: stem is "obtuv" Cond/fut: stem is obtendr Imp stem is obteng for all except aff tu obtén

Get, obtain

Convenir Pres part conviniendo Present: convengo, convienes, conviene, convenimos, convienen Preterito: convine, conviniste, convino, convinimos, convinieron Cond/fut stem convendr Imp stem conveng for all except aff tu convén

BE advisable, agree

Intervenir Pres part interviniendo Present: intervengo, intervienes, intervienen intervenimos, intervienen Preterito stem intervin Cond / fut stem intervendr Imp stem interveng for all but aff tu intervén

Intervene

Bendecir ``` Pres part bendiciendo Past part bendito (also reg bendecido) Present: bendigo, bendices, bendice, bendecimos, bendicen Preterito stem bendij (bendijeron) Imp,stem bendig except aff tu bendice ```

Bless

Contradecir Pres part contradiciendo Past part contradicho Present contradigo, contradices, contradice, contradecimos, contradicen Preterito stem contradij (contradijeron) Imp stem contradij except aff tu contradice

Contradict

Predecir Pres part prediciendo Past part predicho Present: predigo, predices, predice, predecimos, predicen Preterito stem: predij (predijeron) Cond/cut: irregular (update later) Imp stem predig for all but aff tu predice

Predict

Colgar

Hang

Acordar

Agree

Apostar

Bet

Merendar

Have an afternoon snack

Satisfacer

Satisfy

Componer. See poner

Compose

Disponer. See poner

Dispose

Imponer. See poner

Impose

Posponer. See poner

Postpone

Proponer. See poner

Propose

Reponerse see poner

To get well

Atraer. See traer

Attract

Contraer. See traer

Contract

Distraer. See traer

Distract

Sustraer. See traer

Remove, extract, subtract

Venir

Come

Contener. See tener

Contain

Detener. See tener

Detain, stop

Mantener. See tener

Maintain

Obtener. See tener

Obtain

Retener See tener

Retain

Irregular verbs Flashcards

(139 cards)