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Islam Flashcards

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1
Q

How many prophets were there?

A

124,000

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2
Q

What does Islam mean in Arabic?

A

peace and submission to the will of God

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3
Q

What is the shahadah?

A

the first pillar of Islam and the declaration “there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet”

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4
Q

What are mosques decorated by?

A

verses of the Qur’an

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5
Q

What does inshallah mean?

A

god willing

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6
Q

What do muslims view suffering as and give a quote.

A

as a test of faith
“misfortunes can only happen with God’s permission”

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of muslims?

A

shi’a and sunni

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8
Q

What are the differences in beliefs in shi’a and sunni?

A

Sunni elected Abu Bakr to be their leader after Muhammad’s death
Sunni followed the views of muslim scholars on the Qur’an and the Sunnah

shi’a believed that muhammad has chosen his cousin Ali to succeed him. They call their leader the imam and he has to be a descendant of Muhammad. Shi’a muslims interpret islamic laws in their own way

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9
Q

What do sunni and shi’a both believe in?

A

Allah
Prophethood of Muhammad
Guidance of the Qur’an
following the sunnah

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10
Q

What are the 6 articles of faith in sunni islam?

A

1) there is only 1 god
2) angels communicate God’s message to humans
3) Qur’an is the most important scripture and highest authority in Islam
4) Muhammad is the most important prophet
5) On the day of judgment, everyone will be judged by god and sent to heaven or hell
6) God knows everything and makes everything happen in this world

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11
Q

What is usul-ad-Din?

A

principles of religion

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12
Q

What are the 5 Usul-ad-Din for shi’a muslims?

A

1) tawhid. God is one.
2) God’s revelations through Muhammad are true
3) God is just, wise and perfect. Humans are accountable for their actions
4) The 12 imams are the leaders of islam
5) after death, they will be resurrected and judged

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13
Q

How many names of Allah are there in the Qur’an?

A

99

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14
Q

What does bismillah mean?

A

in the name of Allah

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15
Q

What is adalat?

A

justice

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16
Q

What are 3 characteristics of angels?

A

spiritual beings who act as messengers
have no free will
worship Allah

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17
Q

What are the 4 main angels and what are their jobs?

A

israfil - blows the trumpet on day of judgment
jibril - responsible for revelation and revealing Qur’an to Muhammad
Mika’il - angel of mercy (asks Allah to forgive people’s sins). also sends rain, thunder, lightning, to earth to nourish it
Izra’il - angel of death

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18
Q

Who is the fallen angel and why is he called that?

A

shaytan, refused to bow down to Adam

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19
Q

What is predestination and give a quote?

A

the idea that God knows or determines everything that will happen in the universe
“only what God has decreed will happen to us”

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20
Q

What are some differing muslim views on predestination?

A

some sunni believe God has determined everything that will happen
shi’a believe God knows what will happen, but does not decide it

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21
Q

What is akhirah?

A

everlasting life after death

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22
Q

What do islamic burials look like?

A

wash the body x 3, wrap it in ihram robes from Hajj and bury the body in a simple grave facing Mecca

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23
Q

What is a quote for hell?

A

they will dwell amid scorching winds and scalding water

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24
Q

What are the 3 groups of people already in heaven?

A

prophets
pilgrims who died on Hajj
Muslims who have died in a jihad

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25
What is risalah?
belief in the prophets
26
What are 4 prophets?
Isa Musa Ibrahim Muhammad
27
What are 3 characteristics of Adam?
made from dust was the father of the human race Allah told the angels to bow to him
28
Who was Adam's companion?
Hawwa
29
What is a story of prophet Ibrahim?
destroyed all the idols in all the temples except the biggest one and said the biggest idol destroyed the others. Illustrated how idol worship is fake.
30
Why is Eid-ul-Adha celebrated?
to remember the story of Ibrahim ready to sacrifice his child for Allah, but sacrificed ram instead
31
What is the story of the zamzam well?
ibrahim's wife searched for water for their son in the desert and Allah made the well spring up for them
32
When was the Qur'an put together and how is it arranged?
around 650 CE organised in length order (longest first)
33
What are some other scriptures and who were they revealed to?
tawrat (torah) -Musa zabur (psalms) - Dawud injil (Gospel) - Isa
34
What is special about the Qur'an?
it is in perfect arabic and hasn't been changed
35
What are the 5 pillars of Islam in order?
Shahadah, Salah, Zakah, sawm, Hajj,
36
How many obligatory acts are there in Shi'a Islam?
10
37
What is Khums?
20% tax, half to charity and half to religious leaders
38
What is Jihad?
struggle to maintain faith and defend Islam
39
What is Amr-bil Maruf?
encouraging people to do good
40
What is nahi anil Munkar?
discouraging people from doing bad
41
What is tawallah?
being loving towards the friends of God
42
What is tabarra?
dissociating from the enemies of God
43
How does someone convert to Islam?
someone recites shahadah sincerely in front of 2 witnesses, and becomes part of the Ummah
44
What is salah for shi'a and sunni?
daily x 5 prayer sunni daily x 3 prayer shi'a
45
What is a quote to do with prayer?
prayer is like a refreshing stream into which one dips five times a day
46
What is Sawm?
fasting during the month of Ramadan
47
What celebration follows ramadan?
Eid-ul-Fitr
48
What is Zakah?
2.5% of savings given to charity
49
What is sadaqah?
additional to zakah, voluntary charity
50
What is Hajj?
Pilgrimage to Mecca every Muslim must complete in their Lifetimes
51
What is the process of Hajj?
1) wear ihram robes and men shave their heads 2) on arrival, walk x 7 anti-clockwise around the ka'aba 3) if you can, kiss the black stone in the side of it because Muhammad did 4) walk x 7 between safa and marwah 5) draw water from the zamzam well 6) stand and pray for forgiveness at Mount Arafat 7) collect pebbles at Muzdalifa 8) throw pebbles at the 3 pillars in mina to symbolise driving the devil away
52
What is Ashura?
a day which Muslims remember the battle of Karbala and the death of Husayn, son of Ali and grandson of Muhammad
53
what percentage of muslims are sunni?
85-90%
54
who were the first 4 caliphs after Muhammad?
Abu bakr Umar Uthman Ali
55
What is a caliph?
a leader of the ummah
56
what happened when Ali died?
the sunnis and shi'as formed sunnis accepted the next caliph shi'as followed ali's descendants
57
what are the 2 divisions of shi'a muslims?
Twelvers Seveners
58
what do twelvers believe?
a line of 12 imams, the last of whom is in hiding and will eventually return. They are lead by religious scholars in the meantime.
59
what do seveners believe?
thought the 7th imam should be isma'il, the elder brother of the one chosen by the twelvers.
60
who are the seveners led by?
Aga Khan
61
what is considered the worst sin for muslims?
shirk
62
What is shirk?
believing in other gods as well as Allah, or that anyone or anything could share in Allah's oneness
63
do Muslims agree with the idea of the holy trinity and why or why not?
no because it is considered as shirk
64
what is tawhid?
the belief that Allah is the one and only god
65
what are 5 characteristics of Allah?
merciful omnipotent beneficent just transcendent omnipresent immanent
66
what is a quote showing how close Allah is to humans?
We are closer to them than their jugular vein
67
how many prophets are mentioned in the Qur'an?
25
68
what did Adam do?
Adam was sent to earth after eating fruit forbidden to him by Allah. He is considered to be the first muslim. some believe he was the first to build the Ka'aba
69
what did Ibrahim do?
rejected the idea of many gods. proved his faith by being willing to sacrifice his son Isma'il. Thought to have rebuilt the ka'aba.
70
what did Isma'il do?
Ibrahim's son and helped him rebuild the Ka'aba. it's believed many arabs including Muhammad are his descendants
71
what is Isma'il also called?
Abul Arab (father of the arabs)
72
what did Musa do?
only prophet that Allah spoke to directly. guided people to worship only Allah and not perform shirk
73
what did Dawud do?
known for killing Jalut (goliath). known for his wisdom and loyalty to Allah. he would pray for a third of each night
74
what did Isa do?
Allah sent Isa when he thought people had strayed from Musa's teachings. Muslims believe he wasn't crucified but after 3 years of teaching, Allah brought him up to heaven
75
what is Muhammad also known as?
the seal of the prophets
76
what are the 3 main purposes of angels?
to follow Allah orders and communicate with humans often via prophets to praise Him and guard His throne to welcome humans into paradise
77
what are some characteristics of angels?
genderless made of light have wings immortal don't have free will incapable of sin
78
were humans or angels created first?
angels
79
how is the Qur'an treated by muslims?
kept wrapped up to keep it clean kept on higher shelf than other books placed on special stand while reading wash their hands before touching it
80
what are 4 other holy books than the Qur'an?
Suhuf Ibrahim Tawrat Zabur Injil
81
other than holy books, where do muslims also get guidance?
Hadith Sunnah
82
do shi'a muslims follow the hadith?
yes
83
what are the differing views between the sunnis and shi'as about free will?
sunnis believe Allah has determined what action every human is going to take. shi'as believe that humans make their own choices but Allah knows exactly what they are going to do
84
What is Yawm ad-Din?
day of judgement
85
do muslims believe that they can be sent from Jahannam to Jannah?
yes, if Allah forgives them
86
why do muslims perform salah?
it keeps them close to Allah and encourages moral and spiritual discipline. keeps them from committing shirk and increases taqwa.
87
what is taqwa?
reverence for Allah
88
what are 3 rituals to follow when performing salah?
wudhu facing makkah rak'ah
89
what additional item do shi'as use in salah?
they touch their head to a clay or wooden tablet during the rak'ah as they believe Muhammad advised that they should put their head on something natural
90
who is excused from fasting in Ramadan?
children under the age of puberty old people people with medical reasons (it is fine to take medicine while fasting) women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or menstruating
91
If you miss some days of fasting during ramadan what do you do?
you should make up for it by fasting the same amount of days later or by giving food to someone who may need it
92
What is Laylat-ul-Qadr?
the night of destiny or power. many Muslims believe Allah will forgive their sins on this night. holiest night of the year first verses of the Qur'an were revealed on Laylat-ul-Qadr
93
What do many muslims do on Laylat-ul-Qadr?
stay up all night to read and listen to the Qur'an as well as pray. Many people also spend the whole night in the mosque
94
what title is given to those that have completed Hajj?
Hajji
95
what are the 2 types of jihad?
greater and lesser
96
what is greater jihad?
every Muslim's struggle to obey Allah, follow his teachings and become a better Muslim. It is greater because it is individual and personal
97
what is lesser Jihad?
the struggle to make the world a better place. part of this is struggling against wrongs such as poverty and injustice. part of it is also defending islam.
98
what are 2 holy days and 2 festivals in Islam?
ashura, laylat-ul-Qadr Eid-ul-Adha, Eid-ul-Fitr
99
What does Eid-ul-Adha mainly focus on?
the importance of obeying Allah by commemorating the time when Ibrahim almost sacrificed his son
100
What do muslims do on Eid-ul-Adha?
go to the mosque to pray and attend the sermon. sacrifice an animal - 1/3 kept by family, 1/3 goes to relatives and neighbours, 1/3 goes to the poor dress up in their best clothes and exchange gifts
101
What does Eid-ul-Fitr focus on?
its a day of thanksgiving to Allah for everything one has and it marks the end of Ramadan
102
What do muslims do on Eid-ul-Fitr?
pay a special zakah around £5 to help those in need. attend a service with prayer and sermon. wear their best clothes and exchange gifts
103
What do shi'as do in ashura?
the 10 days leading to and including ashura are days of mourning for the shi'as. on ashura they only wear black clothes and there are often public processions and passion plays some shi'a hurt themselves to commemorate husayn's suffering but this is banned in some countries some shi'as fast as well

Religious Education (8 decks)

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