Islam unit

Question 1

When and into what was Muhammad born?

Answer 1

570CE - orphaned child born into a vast desert bounded by the Byzantine and Persian empires

Question 2

When and where did Muhammad become a prophet // Messenger of God ?

Answer 2

Ramadan 610
in a cave outside Mecca
he was in his 30-40s

Question 3

What consisted of Muhammad’s first visions?

Answer 3

The angel Gabriel giving him things to recite (revelations)

Question 4

What is the Qu’ran composed of?

Answer 4

Muhammad’s revelations

Question 5

what is the Qu’ran?

Answer 5

Basic search for truths and understanding that guides action and beliefs, establishes moral and ethical responsibilities.

Question 6

Salaat

Answer 6

Islamic ritual worship at a mosque

Question 7

Shari’ah

Answer 7

Muslim laws

Question 8

Sunnah // Hadith

Answer 8

Stories of Muhammad + Muslim life, advice, culture

Question 9

When did Muhammad migrate from Mecca to Medina? (Hijra)

Answer 9

622 CE

Question 10

Caliphs

Answer 10

Muhammad’s successors

Question 11

What did the Qu’ran reject?

Answer 11

tannak and new testement

Question 12

Where do Muslim laws come from?

Answer 12

the Qu’ran, the Sunnah//hadith, legal scholars and local customs

Question 13

What is the five pillars of Islam?

Answer 13

framework for Muslim life and practice

Question 14

Pillar 1 : Shahada // The Creed

Answer 14

“no God but God, Muhammad is a prophet,” said genuinely in Arabic to convert

Question 15

Pillar 2: Salat // Prayer

Answer 15

pray 5 times a day, facing towards mecca.

Question 16

How is the time to pray determined?

Answer 16

by the position of the sun of the sky

Question 17

Pillar 5: Zakat // Almsgiving

Answer 17

amount of your income that you donate to Islam // General charity

Question 18

Pillar 3: sawn // fasting

Answer 18

During Ramadan, you must fast from sun up to sun down

Question 19

Pillar 4: Hajj // Pilgrimage

Answer 19

once in a lifetime trip (pilgrimage) to Mecca and see the Kabba

Question 20

what is the Kabba?

Answer 20

old shrine of tribal polytheistic gods that Muhammad destroyed when he took back Mecca

Question 21

What and when is Ramadan?

Answer 21

month of fasting, community, and prayer. celebrating the month that the first verses of the Qu’ran were revealed to Muhammad

Question 22

Who are Sunni muslims?

Answer 22

Muslims who accept the historic succession of the Caliphs

Question 23

Who are the Shiah muslims?

Answer 23

Muslims who are followers of Muhammads’ relatives as leaders

Question 24

what are the two branches of Islam and why?

Answer 24

Two answers to who would take leadership after the death of Muhammad: Sunni and Shiah

Question 25

When and what was the Sunni Shia split?

Answer 25

Ali's son - Husayn- stages a military showdown with the 4th caliph in Iraq, and they lose (680), which leads to a permanent split in culture, laws, and leadership

Question 26

who are the 4 rightly guided Caliph?

Answer 26

last caliphs to have ruled over the entire community of muslims

Question 27

What is Ashura?

Answer 27

holiday commemorating Husayn's martyrdom. It involves punishing yourself by inducing pain

Question 28

who are Sufi's?

Answer 28

Islamic Mystics - esoteric, follow and experience God and his presence

Question 29

How/why did Sufisim begin?

Answer 29

reform movement to counter growing imperial court and its materialism

Question 30

Practices of Sufism

Answer 30

Ascetic and ritual practices: fasting, poverty, celibacy, silence, use of music and dance

Question 31

Theme of Sufism

Answer 31

emphasis on deep personal relationship / experience with God in order to lose your sense of self and distinction from God

Question 32

Silsila "chain"

Answer 32

Sheikh puts students through stages and on a path to connection with God -- Guidance and exchange of knowledge

Question 33

Sheikh // Pir

Answer 33

Sufi master / teacher

Question 34

What Christian theology do Sufis reject?

Answer 34

God can not die for the world and the sins of the world

Question 35

Other important emphasis in Sufism:

Answer 35

friendship, Ego death, exchange and transcendence of language, guidance

Question 36

When did Muhammad and followers defeat/take back Mecca?

Answer 36

630

Question 37

Jihad

Answer 37

struggle or fight Personal or social

Question 38

modern idea of Jihad

Answer 38

terrorist term

Question 39

Halal

Answer 39

no pork and meat slaughtered correctly, no alcohol

Question 40

Islamic art pioneered

Answer 40

calligraphy, gardens, and botany, geometric art

Question 41

Science pioneered:

Answer 41

Engineering, Astronomy, Geometry, Physiology, Philosophy and Biology --

Question 42

When did Muhammad die?

Answer 42

632 CE

Question 43

What is the language of the Qu'ran?

Answer 43

Arabic

Question 44

when and what was Hijrah?

Answer 44

~Muhammad and his followers went to Medina ~622CE ~marks the beginning of the Islamic calender

Question 45

tawhid

Answer 45

refers to the oneness and unity of God, or Allah (Monotheism)