IV

Question 1

most common Sx mitral regurg

Answer 1

exertional dyspnea and fatigue

Question 2

lab values of alcoholic hepatitis

Answer 2

AST>x2 ALT

inc GGT and ferritin

Question 3

CHADSVASC score

Answer 3

CHF-1
HTN-1
Age>75-2
DM-1
Stroke/TIA/thromboembolism-2
Vascular disease-1
Age 65-74  -1
sex (female) - 1

> 2 start anticoagulation

Question 4

What will worsen graves eye disease temporarily upon Tx for graves

Answer 4

radioactive iodine

Question 5

what type of brain damage occurs from prolonged seizures

Answer 5

cortical laminar necrosis

Question 6

common cause primary adrenal insufficiency in developing countries

Answer 6

TB

Question 7

steps for esophageal CA

Answer 7

barium swallow then endoscopy

Question 8

signs CO poisoning

Answer 8

polycythemia, nausea, dizziness, HA

Question 9

chondrocalcinosis

Answer 9

calcified articular cartilage

Question 10

Tx wernicke encephalopathy

Answer 10

thiamine with glucose

Question 11

causes of hypovolemic hyponatremia

Answer 11

volume depletion
primary adrenal insufficiency
GI losses
renal losses

Question 12

causes of euvolemic hyponatremia

Answer 12

SIADH
primary psychogenic polydipsia
secondary adrenal insufficiency
hypothyroidism

Question 13

causes of hypervolemic hyponatremia

Answer 13

CHF
cirrhosis
chronic kidney disease or nephrotic syndrome

Question 14

best indicator of dementia

Answer 14

impaired daily functinoing

Question 15

cardiac index

Answer 15

is cardiac output

Question 16

characteristics of CHF from Left ventricular systolic dysfunction

Answer 16

increased systemic vascular R
increase in LVEDV
decrease in CO

Question 17

which antidiabetic medication will reduce weight and control blood sugar

Answer 17

GLP-1 agonists

Question 18

causes of macrocytic anemia

Answer 18

folate or B12 def
myelodysplastic syndrome
aML
drug induced
liver disease
alcohol abuse
hypothyroidism

Question 19

other organs affected in ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 19

get anterior uveitis

bilateral sacroiliitis

Question 20

MM labs

Answer 20

normocytic anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure
elevated total protein with normal albumin
abnormal LFTs

Question 21

palpable purpura, proteinuria, hematuria

with arthralgias, HSM and hypocomplementemia

Answer 21

mixed cryoglobulinemia

Question 22

underlying process with mixed cryoglobulinemia

Answer 22

Hep C

Question 23

Dx for pancreatic carcinoma

Answer 23

abdominal CT

Question 24

positive preditive value

Answer 24

TP/ TP+ FP

Question 25

negative predictive value

Answer 25

TN/ TN+ FN

Question 26

which colonic polyp is most likely to transofrm into malignant

Answer 26

villous adenoma

Question 27

metoclopramide uses

Answer 27

dopamine antagonist to Tx nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis

Question 28

side effects metoclopramide

Answer 28

agitation, loose stools, tardive dyskinesia, dystonic reactions and parkinsonism

Question 29

Sx giant cell arteritis

Answer 29

headache, jaw claudication, muscle fatigue and visual disturbance

Question 30

well known complication giant cell arteritis

Answer 30

aortic aneurysm

Question 31

Dx image for acoustic neuroma

Answer 31

MRI with gadolinium

Question 32

young person with acoustic neuroma and cafe au lait spots

Answer 32

NF II

Question 33

ESR muscle weakness especially on rising from a chair history temporal arteritis

Answer 33

glucocorticoid drug induced myopathy

Question 34

Tx for acute MI with pulmonary edema

Answer 34

furosemide

Question 35

what causes charcot joint

Answer 35

nerve damage from repeated joint trauma

Question 36

common causes acute liver failure

Answer 36

acetominophen | viral hepatitis

Question 37

most important risk factor with strokes

Answer 37

HTN

Question 38

majority of PE clots originate where

Answer 38

iliodemoral

Question 39

what is abnormal LP opening P

Answer 39

>250 mm H2O

Question 40

most common URI bacterial penumonia organisms in elderly

Answer 40

strep pneumo staph aureus H influenza

Question 41

Hep B treatment

Answer 41

tenofovir- most entecavir-- decompensated cirrhosis lamivudine-- diminished d/t higher drug R interferon-- younger patients with compensated liver disease

Question 42

Menieres disease

Answer 42

distention of endolymphatic compartment in innter ear have vertifo with tinitus and nausea vomiting nystagmus sometimes present salt- restriction diet neede

Question 43

treatment for malignant hypercalcemia

Answer 43

bisphosphonates like zoledronic acid therapy

Question 44

thyrotoxicosis symptoms

Answer 44

weight loss, tachycardia, tremor and lid retraction

Question 45

cardiac result thyrotoxicosis

Answer 45

increased T3 causes increased contractility of cardiac myocytes

Question 46

gram + weakly acid fast filamentous rods cavity formation or abscess

Answer 46

nocardia

Question 47

End result of ARDS

Answer 47

impaired gas exchange, decreased lung comlliance and increased pulmonary arterial P

Question 48

signs of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer 48

altered mental status, low grade fever, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and renal failure

Question 49

ADAMTS13

Answer 49

TTP

Question 50

common causes thrombocytopenia

Answer 50

``` viral infections (EBV, HIV, Hep C) chemo myelodysplasia alcohol abuse congenital folate or B12 def ```