IV - Basics of the Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the central nervous system made up of?
Brain
Spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system?
Spinal and cranial nerves
The peripheral nervous system is composed of what other nervous system?
Autonomic
What are the three subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric
Generally, what does the sympathetic system do?
Fight or flight
Generally, what does the parasympathetic nervous system do?
Rest and digest
What are the three principles of the autonomic nervous system?
- Two neurons between the CNS and the effector organ
- Innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands
- Is either excitatory or inhibitory
How is the two neuron chain of the autonomic nervous system set up?
Preganglionic neuron in the CNS
Synapse in a ganglion
Continues as a postganglionic neuron
Where does the sympathetic division originate?
The cell body of the preganglionic neuron is in the intermediolateral gray column of T1-L3
Where Tod most of the sympathetic ganglia lie?
Close to the spinal cord, forming the sympathetic trunk, or sympathetic chain ganglia
Where to sympathetic pre ganglion fibers exit the spinal cord?
At the levels that their cell bodies are located (T1-L3)
Where do the sympathetic preganglionic fibers exit?
A ventral root
Why are the sympathetic preganglionic fibers so short in comparison to the postganglionic fibers?
They lie close to the spinal cord
What is another name for the sympathetic division?
Thoracolumbar
What is another name for the parasympathetic division?
Craniosacral divison
Where are the parasympathetic preganglionic cells located?
In several brainstem nuclei, and S2-S4
In the parasympathetic nervous system, are the preganglionic neurons long or short?
Long
Where to preganglionic parasympathetic axons exit the brainstem?
Via cranial nerves III, VII, IX and X
oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus
Where to the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons of the oculomotor nerve synapse with the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons?
In the ciliary ganglion
located between the lateral border of the optic nerve and lateral rectus
What neurotransmitters are released from the pre and postganglionic axons in the parasympathetic pathway?
ACh
ACh
What neurotransmitter are released from the pre and postganglionic axons in the sympathetic pathway?
ACh
Norepinephrine
Fiber that release acetylcholine are referred to as ___.
Cholinergic
Fibers that release norepinpherine are referred to as ___.
Adrenergic
What is an agonist drug?
On that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter
