IV - Hemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis and Shock

Question 1

Pathology Flashcards

Extravasation of fluid into interstitial spaces due to increases in vascular volume or pressure, decreases in plasma protein content or alterations in endothelial function.

Answer 1

Edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.81

Question 2

Pathology Flashcards

It is a severe and generalized edema with profound subcutaneous tissue swelling.

Answer 2

Anasarca(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.81

Question 3

Pathology Flashcards

The edema fluid occuring with volume or pressure overload or under conditions of reduced plasma protein.

Answer 3

Transudate(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.82

Question 4

Pathology Flashcards

Edema secondary to increased vascular permeability and inflammation.

Answer 4

Exudate(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.82

Question 5

Pathology Flashcards

The serum protein most responsible for maintaining intravascular colloid osmotic pressure.

Answer 5

Albumin(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.83

Question 6

Pathology Flashcards

In breast cancer, infiltration and obstruction of superficial lymphatics can cause edema of the overlying skin, called _______ appearance.

Answer 6

Peau d’ orange(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.83

Question 7

Pathology Flashcards

Microscopically, it is reflected primarily as a clearing and separation of the extracellular matrix elements with subtle cell swelling.

Answer 7

Edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 8

Pathology Flashcards

Diffuse edema usually more prominent in certain body areas as a result of the effects of gravity.

Answer 8

Dependent edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 9

Pathology Flashcards

True or false:Dependent edema is a prominent feature of left-sided heart failure.

Answer 9

False.Dependent edema is a feature of right-sided HF, while pulmonary congestion is a feature of left-sided HF.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 10

Pathology Flashcards

Edema due to renal dysfunction which manifests disproportionately in tissues with loose connective tissue matrix, e.g. Eyelids.

Answer 10

Periorbital edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 11

Pathology Flashcards

Finger pressure over significantly edematous subcutaneous tissue displacing the interstitial fluid, leaving a finger-shaped depression on the skin.

Answer 11

Pitting edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 12

Pathology Flashcards

Condition wherein the lungs weigh 2-3x the normal, and on sectioning reveals frothy, sometimes blood-tinged mixture of air, fluid and extravasated red cells.

Answer 12

Pulmonary edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 13

Pathology Flashcards

Condition wherein the brain is grossly swollen, with narrowed sulci and distended gyri showing signs of flattening against the underlying skull.

Answer 13

Brain edema(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 14

Pathology Flashcards

It is an active process resulting from augmented blood flow due to arteriolar dilation.

Answer 14

Hyperemia(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 15

Pathology Flashcards

The affected tissue is redder than normal, because of engorgement with oxygenated blood.

Answer 15

Hyperemia(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 16

Pathology Flashcards

It is a passive process resulting from impaired venous rturn out of a tissue.

Answer 16

Congestion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 17

Pathology Flashcards

Tissue has a blue-red color due to accumulation of hemoglobin in the affected tissue.

Answer 17

Congestion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.84

Question 18

Pathology Flashcards

Characterized by alveolar capillaries engorged with blood, with associated alveolar septal edema or focal minute intra-alveolar hemorrhage.

Answer 18

Acute pulmonary congestion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.85

Question 19

Pathology Flashcards

Pulmonary septa are thickened and fibrotic, with hemosiderin-laden macrophages in alveolar spaces.

Answer 19

Chronic pulmonary congestion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.85

Question 20

Pathology Flashcards

Hemosiderin- laden macrophages

Answer 20

Heart- failure cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.85

Question 21

Pathology Flashcards

The central vein and sinusoids of the liver are distended with blood, with central hepatocyte degeneration. The periportal hepatocytes are better oxygenated.

Answer 21

Acute hepatic congestion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.85

Question 22

Pathology Flashcards

The central regions of the hepatic lobules are grossly red-brown and slightly depressed and are accentuated against the surrounding zones of uncongested tan, sometimes fatty liver (nutmeg liver).

Answer 22

Chronic passive congestion of the liver(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.85

Question 23

Pathology Flashcards

Presence of centrilobular necrosis with hepatocyte drop-out, hemorrhage and hemosirin-laden macrophages

Answer 23

CPC of the liver(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.85

Question 24

Pathology Flashcards

Extravasation of blood from vessels into the extravasclar space.

Answer 24

Hemorrhage(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 25

# Pathology Flashcards Accumulation of blood within a tissue.

Answer 25

Hematoma(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 26

# Pathology Flashcards 1-2mm hemorrhages into skin, mucous membranes, or serosal surfaces.

Answer 26

Petechiae(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 27

# Pathology Flashcards 3-5mm hemorrhages which can occur with trauma, vascular inflammation, or increased vascular fragility.

Answer 27

Purpura(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 28

# Pathology Flashcards 1-2cm subcutaneous hematomas/bruises.

Answer 28

Ecchymoses (TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 29

# Pathology Flashcards It is a consequence of tightly regulated processes that maintain blood in a fluid, clot-free state in normal vessels while inducing the rapid formation of a localized hemostatic plug at the site of vascular injury.

Answer 29

Normal hemostasis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 30

# Pathology Flashcards Pathologic form of hemostasis.

Answer 30

Thrombosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 31

# Pathology Flashcards It occurs after an initial injury, as a result of reflex neurogenic mechanisms.

Answer 31

Arteriolar vasoconstriction(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 32

# Pathology Flashcards A potent endothelium-derived vasocontrictor.

Answer 32

Endothelin(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 33

# Pathology Flashcards Receptors responsible for platelet adhesion.

Answer 33

GpIb receptors- plateletVon Willebrand factor - endothelium(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.88

Question 34

# Pathology Flashcards Deficiency of GpIb receptors.

Answer 34

Bernard-Soulier syndrome(TOPNOTCH)

Question 35

# Pathology Flashcards Deficiency of GpIb receptors.

Answer 35

Bernard-Soulier syndrome(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.88

Question 36

# Pathology Flashcards Deficiency of GpIIb-IIIa receptors.

Answer 36

Glanzmann thrombasthenia(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.88

Question 37

# Pathology Flashcards Deficiency of Factor VIII.

Answer 37

Von Willebrand Disease(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.88

Question 38

# Pathology Flashcards It is a membrane-bound procoagulant glycoprotein synthesized by endothelium, which becomes exposed at the site of injury.

Answer 38

Thromboplastin/Factor III(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.88

Question 39

# Pathology Flashcards Formation of a hemostatic plug due to platelet aggregation

Answer 39

Primary hemostasis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 40

# Pathology Flashcards Hemostasis characterized by activation of thrombin through the coagulation cascade.

Answer 40

Secondary hemostasis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.86

Question 41

# Pathology Flashcards True or false:The primary aggregation of platelets is irreversible.

Answer 41

FalseReversible(TOPNOTCH)

Question 42

# Pathology Flashcards Two substances essential for the formation of a primary hemostatic plug.

Answer 42

ADP and TXA2(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.87

Question 43

# Pathology Flashcards True or false:Activation of the coagultion cascade and subsequent thrombin formation is reversible.

Answer 43

FalseIrreversible(TOPNOTCH)

Question 44

# Pathology Flashcards Substance that activates the coagulation proteins.

Answer 44

Calcium(TOPNOTCH)

Question 45

# Pathology Flashcards Substance that medites further platelet aggregation and degranulation.

Answer 45

ADP(TOPNOTCH)

Question 46

# Pathology Flashcards Substance that increases platelet activation and causes vasoconstriction. Synthesized by activated platelets.

Answer 46

TXA2(TOPNOTCH)

Question 47

# Pathology Flashcards Most important initiator of the coagulation cascade.

Answer 47

Tissue factor(TOPNOTCH)

Question 48

# Pathology Flashcards A protein found on endothelial cells involved in the breakdown of blood clots which catalyzes conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.

Answer 48

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and Urokinase(TOPNOTCH)

Question 49

# Pathology Flashcards Components of Virchow's triad?

Answer 49

Endothelial injuryStasisHypercoagulability(TOPNOTCH)

Question 50

# Pathology Flashcards It is a major contributor to the development of VENOUS thrombi.

Answer 50

Stasis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.94

Question 51

# Pathology Flashcards Type of blood flow found in normal blood vessels, wherein platelets flow centrally in the vessel lumen, separated from the endothelium by a slow moving clear zone of plasma.

Answer 51

Laminar flow(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.94

Question 52

# Pathology Flashcards This contirbutes to arterial and cardic thrombisis by causing endothelial injury or dysfunction as well as formation of countercurrents and local pockets of stasis.

Answer 52

Turbulence(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.94

Question 53

# Pathology Flashcards Any alteration of the coagulation pathway that predisposes to thrombosis.

Answer 53

Hypercoagulability(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.95

Question 54

# Pathology Flashcards A detached, intravascular solid, liquid or gaseous mass that is carried by the blood distal to its point of origin.

Answer 54

Embolus(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.95

Question 55

# Pathology Flashcards Apparent laminations seen in a thrombus, representing pale platelet and fibrin layers alternating with darker erythrocyte-rich layers.

Answer 55

Lines of Zahn(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 56

# Pathology Flashcards Significance of Lines of Zahn?

Answer 56

Represents thrombosis in the setting of blood flow, seen in antemortem clots.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 57

# Pathology Flashcards Thrombi occuring in heart chambers or aortic lumen

Answer 57

Mural thrombi(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 58

# Pathology Flashcards Gelatinous thrombi with a dark red dependent portion where red cells have settled by gravity with a yellow "chicken fat" supernatant. Usually unattached to underlying wall.

Answer 58

Postmortem thrombi(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 59

# Pathology Flashcards Thrombi on heart valves.

Answer 59

Vegetations(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 60

# Pathology Flashcards Sterile, verrucous endocartidis occuring in patients with SLE.

Answer 60

Limban-Sacks endocartidis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 61

# Pathology Flashcards Thrombi occuring in heart chambers or in aortic lumen.

Answer 61

Mural thrombi(TOPNOTCH)

Question 62

# Pathology Flashcards Vegetations occuring in the presence of non - infected valves in hypercoagulable states.

Answer 62

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.96

Question 63

# Pathology Flashcards Fate of a thrombus wherein the thrombus accumulates additional platelets and fibrin, eventually causing vessel obstruction.

Answer 63

Propagation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 64

# Pathology Flashcards Fate of a thrombus wherein it may dislodge or fragment and transported elsewhere in the vasculature.

Answer 64

Embolization(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 65

# Pathology Flashcards Fate of a thrombus as a result of of fibrinolytic activity leading to rapid shrinkage and even total lysis of recent thrombi.

Answer 65

Dissolution(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 66

# Pathology Flashcards Fate of a thrombus wherein it may induce inflammation and fibrosis and establish some degree of blood flow.

Answer 66

Organization and recanalization(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 67

# Pathology Flashcards True or false:Therapeutic administration of fibrinolytic agents is generally effective only within a few hours of thrombus formation.

Answer 67

True(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 68

# Pathology Flashcards Most common site of venous thrombosis.

Answer 68

Superficial or deep veins of the leg(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 69

# Pathology Flashcards Most common sequelae of deep venous thrombosis.

Answer 69

Pulmonary embolism(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.97

Question 70

# Pathology Flashcards Tumor-associated procoagulant release largey responsible for the increased risk of thromboembolic phenomena seen in disseminated cancers.

Answer 70

Migrating thrombophlebitis or Trousseau's syndrome(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.98

Question 71

# Pathology Flashcards Hardening or thickening of the arteries as a result of the accumulation of fatty materials, macrophages, platelets and other inflammatory mediators.

Answer 71

Atherosclerosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.98

Question 72

# Pathology Flashcards Fates of a thrombus (4)

Answer 72

PropagationResolution/DissolutionOrganization and recanalizationEmbolization(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.98

Question 73

# Pathology Flashcards Embolus occluding a bifurcation in the pulmonary tree.

Answer 73

Saddle embolus(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 74

# Pathology Flashcards True or false:A patient who has had one pulmonary embolus has a decreased risk of developing another embolus.

Answer 74

False.The patient is at risk of developing more pulmonary emboli.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 75

# Pathology Flashcards A venous embolus which entered the systemic circulation through an interarterial or interventricular defect.

Answer 75

Paradoxical embolus(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 76

# Pathology Flashcards Most common symptom of pulmonary embolism.

Answer 76

None/ Asymptomatic (60-80%)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 77

# Pathology Flashcards Right Ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension.

Answer 77

Cor pulmonale(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 78

# Pathology Flashcards Emboli in the arterial circulation.

Answer 78

Systemic thromboembolism(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 79

# Pathology Flashcards Most common origin of systemic thrombi.

Answer 79

Intracardiac mural thrombi (80%)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 80

# Pathology Flashcards Major site of arteriolar embolization.

Answer 80

Lower extremities (75%)Brain (10%)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 81

# Pathology Flashcards Microscopic fat globules found in the circulation after fractures of long bones or after soft-tissue trauma.

Answer 81

Fat embolism(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 82

# Pathology Flashcards Symptoms of pulmonary insufficiency, neurologic symptoms, anemia, and thrombocytopenia characterize what syndrome?

Answer 82

Fat embolism syndrome(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 83

# Pathology Flashcards Gas bubbles within the circulation obstructing vascular flow and causes distal ischemic injury.

Answer 83

Air embolism(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 84

# Pathology Flashcards Amount of air in the circulation which produces clinical effects of air embolism.

Answer 84

>100 mL(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.99

Question 85

# Pathology Flashcards This occurs when individuals are exposed to sudden changes in atmospheric pressure (e.g. Deep sea divers, scuba divers).

Answer 85

Decompression sickness(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 86

# Pathology Flashcards The rapid formation of gas bubbles within skeletal muscles and supporting tissues in and around joints causing pain.

Answer 86

Bends(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 87

# Pathology Flashcards Gas bubbles in the lung vasculture causing edema, hemorrhages, focal atelectasis and emphysema.

Answer 87

Chokes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 88

# Pathology Flashcards More chronic form of decompression sickness where persistence of gas emboli in the bones leads to multiple foci of ischemic necrosis.

Answer 88

Caisson disease(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 89

# Pathology Flashcards Treatment of choice for decompression sickness.

Answer 89

Hyperbaric compression chamber(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 90

# Pathology Flashcards Underlying cause of amniotic fluid embolism.

Answer 90

Entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation through a tear in the placetal membranes and rupture of uterine veins.(TOPNOTCH)

Question 91

# Pathology Flashcards Underlying cause of amniotic fluid embolism.

Answer 91

Entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation through a tear in the placetal membranes and rupture of uterine veins.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 92

# Pathology Flashcards Presence of marked pulmonary edema, diffuse alveolar damage, and presence of squamous cells in the pulmonary circulation shed from fetal skin, lanugo hair, fat and mucin.

Answer 92

Amniotic fluid embolism(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 93

# Pathology Flashcards White or red infarct?Venous occlusion

Answer 93

Red infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 94

# Pathology Flashcards White or red infarct?Lung infarction

Answer 94

Red infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 95

# Pathology Flashcards White or red infarct?Intestinal infarct

Answer 95

Red infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 96

# Pathology Flashcards White or red infarct?Myocardial infarction

Answer 96

White infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 97

# Pathology Flashcards White or red infarction?Splenic infact

Answer 97

White infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 98

# Pathology Flashcards White or red infarction?Wedge infarct

Answer 98

White infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.100

Question 99

# Pathology Flashcards The dominant histologic characteristic of infarction.

Answer 99

Ischemic coagulative necrosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.101

Question 100

# Pathology Flashcards Histologic characteristic of brain infarcts.

Answer 100

Liquefactive necrosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.101

Question 101

# Pathology Flashcards This occurs when bacterial vegetations from a heart valve embolize or when microbes seed an area of necrotic tissue.

Answer 101

Septic infarct(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.101

Question 102

# Pathology Flashcards Most common sequalae of septic infarcts.

Answer 102

Abscess(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.101

Question 103

# Pathology Flashcards Major determinants of the eventual outcome of an infarct. (4)

Answer 103

Nature of vascular supplyRate of development of occlusionVulnerability to hypoxiaOxygen content of blood(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.101

Question 104

# Pathology Flashcards Neurons undergo irreversible damage when deprived of their blood supply for _______.

Answer 104

3-4 minutes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 105

# Pathology Flashcards Myocardial cells undergo irreversile damage after ______ minutes of ischemia.

Answer 105

20-30 minutes(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 106

# Pathology Flashcards It is the final common pathway for severe hemorrhage, extensive trauma, burns, large MI, pulmonary embolism and sepsis.

Answer 106

Shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 107

# Pathology Flashcards End results of shock (3)

Answer 107

HypotensionImpaired tissue perfusionHypoxia(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 108

# Pathology Flashcards This type of shock results from failure of the cardic pump which maybe caused by MI, ventricular arrythmias, cardiac tamponade or outflow obstruction.

Answer 108

Cardiogenic shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 109

# Pathology Flashcards This type of shock results from loss blood or plasma volume.

Answer 109

Hypovolemic shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 110

# Pathology Flashcards This type of shock is caused by microbial infection, caused by gram negative and gram positive bacteria and fungi

Answer 110

Septic shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 111

# Pathology Flashcards True or false:Systemic bacteremia must be present to induce septic shock.

Answer 111

FalseHost inflammatory response to local extravascular infections may be sufficient to induce septic shock.(TOPNOTCHRobbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 112

# Pathology Flashcards Type of shock which occurs in the setting of an anesthetic accident or spinal cord injury as a result of loss of vascular tone and peripheral pooling of blood.

Answer 112

Neurogenic shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 113

# Pathology Flashcards This type of shock represents systemic vasodilation and increased vascular permeability caused by IgE hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer 113

Anaphylactic shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.102

Question 114

# Pathology Flashcards Septic shock caused by gram negative bacilli.

Answer 114

Endotoxic shock(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.103

Question 115

# Pathology Flashcards Criteria for SIRS.

Answer 115

Temp 38 CelciusHR >90 bpmRR >20 or PaCO2 12,000 cells/mm3 or 10% bands(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.103

Question 116

# Pathology Flashcards Adrenal changes in shock.

Answer 116

Cortical cell lipid depletion(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.106

Question 117

# Pathology Flashcards Kidney changes in shock.

Answer 117

Acute tubular necrosis resulting in oliguria, anuria, and electrolyte disturbances.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.106

Question 118

# Pathology Flashcards Gastrointestinal changes in shock.

Answer 118

Focal mucosal hemorrhage and necrosis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.106

Question 119

# Pathology Flashcards Lung changes in shock.

Answer 119

Diffuse alveolar damage if due to bacterial sepsi and trauma.(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed. p.106