January 26 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in January 26 Deck (18)
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0
Q

Myasthenia Gravis type ? hypersensitivity disorder?

Name another type ? hypersensitivity disorder.

A

Type II
Ab (IgG or IgM) binds to extracellular Ag or extracellular matrix components

also Type II is Goodpasture

1
Q

Wolff Parkinson White syndrome

  1. name of accessory pathway
  2. part of the ECG affected and how
A
  1. bundle of Kent
  2. affects PR interval: shortened PR interval
    affects QRS interval: elongated QRS
    adds pre-excitation bump called a delta wave just before the nl Q wave, shortens the PR and elongates the QRS
2
Q

Goodpasture syndrome

Type ? hypersensitivity disorder

A

Type II

Ab to GBM

3
Q

Copper abs in the GI
In the liver copper is bound to ___________ to become __________.
Excreted into ____________.

A

alpha-2 globulin to form ceruloplasmin
excreted 85-95% into bile and stool
5-15% excreted renally

4
Q

CN’s involved in the consensual light reflex

A

CN II afferent (in)

CN III efferent (out)

5
Q

CN III palsy ssx

A
  1. ptosis
    down & out gaze (unopposed lateral rectus VI and sup. oblique CN IV)
  2. ciliary m. & iris sphincter (CN III parasympathetics) = fixed dilated pupil & loss of accommodation
6
Q

most dreaded cause of CN III palsy

A

enlarging intracranial aneurism

7
Q

bounding femoral pulse and carotid pulse assoc. with head bobbing.
which valve is affected and how?

A

Aortic regurgitation

bounding pulses due to increased left ventricular stroke volume

8
Q

C. diphtheria AB toxin mechanism of action

A

A subunit attaches
B subunit enters cell: RYBOSYLATION. transfer ribose from NAD to histidine residue on EF-2. Inactivates EF-2 and inhibits protein synthesis -> cell death

9
Q

FT-AB tests for…

A

Syphilis

10
Q

tertiary syphilis effect on the heart

A

obliteration of vaso vasorum -> medial tear -> thoracic aortic aneurysm

11
Q

preferred method for early detection of diabetic nephropathy

A

microalbuminuria (30-300 mg/day in 24 hr urine collection OR 30-300 micrograms / mg of creatine in spot test)

12
Q

% of coronary blood flow during systole vs. diastole

A

30% systole
70% diastole

during systole compresson vessels limits flow/perfusion. during strenuous exercise increased HR and decreased diastole time is limiting factor for coronary blood flow

13
Q

warfarin molecular mechanism of action

A

blocks glutamate residue carboxylation

14
Q

Treatment for Acute Manic Episode

A
  1. Lithium
  2. Valproate
  3. Carbamazepine
    +
  4. Atypical (Olanzapine)

Tx is effective in only 60% of pts

15
Q

Aortic Regurgitation Murmur

A

Early Diastolic

Duration of murmur = severity of regurge
worse regurge = longer duration, even to holosystolic
less bad regurge = early

16
Q

oxytocin production

A

paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus

17
Q

ADH (vasopressin) production site

A

Supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus