Japanese Industrial Revolution Part 2 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What did the Japanese adopt besides copying the West in terms of industrialisation?
It adopted many Western customs and dresses; wealthy Japanese wore moustaches, top hats, bow ties and western-style suits and carried umbrellas
What did the Japanese began to use in 1872?
A western calendar
What kind of system did the Japanese adopt 50 years before it was introduced in Britain?
A metric system
When was education made necessary for 4 years and what was built?
Education was made necessary in 1872, and primary and secondary schools were built to facilitate this importance.
What type of broad education was taught to the students?
Western knowledge as well as Japanese beliefs and skills
With what strong sense were children brought up with?
A strong sense of patriotism and reverence for the Emperor
What is the Emperor Rescript of Education and when was it issued?
It is a detailed set of aims for education issued to schools, in the year 1890
What did the children do with the Emperor Rescript of Education as a regular practice?
They memorised the aims, and promised to obey their parents and to ‘guard and maintain’ the prosperity of their Imperial Throne
What are the names of and when were the two universities founded in Japan?
Tokyo University in 1877 and Kyoto University in 1897
What was the result as Japan developed its own colleges?
The huge number of Japanese students who went abroad to pursue further studies declined
What did the government had to do to raise money to tackle the social protests in the country?
It had to sell of many of its factories to private investors; many of whom were very rich families called zaibatsu
What had already begun before the fall of the shogunate system and why?
Modernisation of the military had begun, as there were some powerful daimyo who were impressed by Western forces
Japan’s navy was constructed on the basis of whose model?
Japan built its navy on the basis of Britain’s navy; the most strongest navy in the world at that time
How was the army developed in Japan?
Initially the army was modelled on the French, but later adopted methods from the Germans
When was the new Imperial Army formed and what it consisted of?
The new Imperial Army was built in 1872, and it was a combination of the Choshu and Satsuma armies
When was conscription introduced?
1873
In what manner did the peasant conscripts proved themselves fully capable?
Through the victorious defeat of the samurai rebellion of 1877
What are the features of the new Imperial Army?
They were well trained, equipped with modern weapons and effectively led
What was the impactful accomplishment of the new Imperial Army?
Their victory against the European power Russia in the Russo-Japanese war of 1894-95
What was the key reason Japan had embarked on a radical program of modernisation?
To revise the unequal treaties and take back control of their own country
Which two key elements that emphasised foreign superiority had to be undone?
First- extraterritorial rights, and second- foreign control of custom duties
When did Japan reformed its legal code and what was the impact?
In 1889. As a result there was a minor reason for foreign nationals to want to live under another justice system
HOW and WHEN were the two key elements that emphasised foreign superiority REVISED?
In 1894, Britain and then the other Western powers gave up their extraterritorial rights. In 1911, foreign control over tariffs was removed
At the time when reforms for Japan was going, how were the lives of most of the people?
Their standard of living didn’t improve and their lives were more unpredictable
