Jarvis Chapter 22 - The Abdomen Flashcards
Ascites is defined as:
A. a proximal loop of the large intestine.
B. a bowel obstruction.
C. an abnormal enlargement of the spleen.
D. an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity.
D. an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity.
Ascites is free fluid in the peritoneal cavity and occurs with heart failure, portal hypertension, cirrhosis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, and cancer.
Pyloric stenosis is a(n):
A. congenital narrowing of the pyloric valve.
B. abnormal opening in the pyloric valve.
C. abnormal enlargement of the pyloric valve.
D. inflammation of the pyloric valve.
A. congenital narrowing of the pyloric valve.
Pyloric stenosis is a congenital defect causing narrowing of the pyloric valve.
Moles on the abdomen:
A. are uncommon.
B. are no cause for concern.
C. require a biopsy.
D. are common.
D. are common.
Pigmented nevi (moles) are common on the abdomen. Nevi are circumscribed, brown, macular or papular areas.
The organ in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen is the:
A. cecum.
B. liver.
C. spleen.
D. sigmoid colon.
B. liver.
The liver is in the right upper quadrant.
The four layers of large, flat abdominal muscles form the:
A. rectus abdominis.
B. linea alba.
C. viscera.
D. ventral abdominal wall.
D. ventral abdominal wall.
Four layers of large, flat muscles form the ventral abdominal wall.
Pyrosis is:
A. an abnormally sunken abdominal wall.
B. a burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
C. congenital narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
D. inflammation of the peritoneum.
B. a burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
Pyrosis (heartburn) is a burning sensation in the esophagus and stomach from reflux of gastric acid.
The abdomen normally moves when breathing until the age of ____ years.
A. 75
B. 7
C. 4
D. 14
B. 7
Abdominal breathing in children continues until age 7 years.
Older adults have:
A. decreased incidence of gallstones.
B. increased liver size.
C. increased gastric acid secretion.
D. decreased salivation, leading to dry mouth.
D. decreased salivation, leading to dry mouth.
Aging results in decreased salivation, leading to dry mouth.
The symptoms occurring with lactose intolerance include:
A. hematemesis.
B. bloating and flatulence.
C. grey stools.
D. anorexia.
B. bloating and flatulence.
Lactose intolerance will produce abdominal pain, bloating, and flatulence when milk products are consumed.
Methods to enhance abdominal wall relaxation during examination include:
A. a cool environment.
B. having the patient place the arms above the head.
C. examining painful areas first.
D. positioning the patient with the knees bent.
D. positioning the patient with the knees bent.
Position the person supine, with the head on a pillow, the knees bent or on a pillow, and the arms at the side.
