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HUBS191 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What tissue makes up a fibrous joint?

A

DFCT (dense fibrous connective tissue)

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2
Q

What is the function of a fibrous joint?

A

Stability, allows very limited movement

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3
Q

What are 2 examples of fibrous joints?

A

Cranial sutures, distal tibial-fibular joint

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4
Q

What tissue makes up cartilaginous joints?

A

fibrocartilage

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5
Q

What is the function of a cartilaginous joint?

A

To allow some movement

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6
Q

Give 2 examples of a cartilaginous joint

A

Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs

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7
Q

What is the function of a synovial joint?

A

To facilitate free movement and control of movement

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8
Q

Where is articular cartilage found?

A

Covering the bone surfaces at an articulation

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9
Q

What is the function of articular cartilage and how is this achieved?

A

To reduce friction in the joint, by being smooth and sliding

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10
Q

Where is the synovial membrane found?

A

Lining the inner surface of the joint capsule

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11
Q

What is the function of the synovial membrane?

A

Secretes synovial fluid that lubricates the joint and delivers nutrients to tissue via joint loading.

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12
Q

Describe the joint capsule

A

A sheet of connective tissue that is continuous with the periosteum on either side of the joint

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13
Q

What is the function of the joint capsule?

A

Holds bones together and prevents synovial fluid from leaking out of the joint.

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14
Q

Inside the joint capsule is the joint cavity. What is the importance of this structure?

A

Creates potential space that gives the bones a place to go during movement

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15
Q

What is the difference between capsular and intracapsular ligaments?

A

Capsular ligaments are part of the joint capsule, while intracapsular ligaments are not.

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16
Q

What capsular ligaments are found in the knee?

A

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) and Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)

17
Q

What intracapsular ligaments are found in the knee?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

18
Q

The menisci are an example of what structure found in some synovial joints?

A

Fibrocartilaginous structure

19
Q

What is the function of the menisci?

A

To fill in space between femur and tibia, increase articulation surface and distributes force applied to the joint

20
Q

Which is more important in synovial joints - mobility or stability?

A

Mobility

21
Q

What parts of a synovial joint influence the possible movements at the joint?

A

Bony congruences/bone shape, ligaments, body surface contact

22
Q

What plane does flexion/extension occur in?

A

sagittal plane

23
Q

What plane does pronation/supination occur in?

A

transverse plane

24
Q

What plane does inversion/eversion occur in?

A

coronal plane

25
Q

What axis does flexion/extension occur around?

A

Coronal

26
Q

What axis does pronation/supination occur around?

A

vertical

27
Q

What axis does inversion/eversion occur around?

A

sagittal

28
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of a plane joint.

A
  • sliding/gliding movements
  • multiaxial
  • intercarpal/ joints
29
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of a hinge joint.

A
  • flexion/extension
  • uniaxial
  • elbow, ankle
30
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of a pivot joint.

A
  • rotation
  • uniaxial
  • radioulnar joints, C1-C2 vertebrae
31
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of a condylar joint.

A
  • flexion/extension, rotation when semi-flexed
  • biaxial
  • knee
32
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of an ellipsoid joint.

A
  • flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, therefore circumduction
  • biaxial
  • wrist
33
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of a saddle joint.

A
  • flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, therefore circumduction. also opposition
  • biaxial (+)
  • carpometacarpal (thumb) joint
34
Q

Name the movements, # of axes and an example of a ball and socket joint.

A
  • flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, therefore circumduction, rotation
  • multi-axial
  • shoulder, hip

HUBS191 (10 decks)

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