Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HUBS191 > Nervous system > Flashcards

Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

What 2 structures are a part of the CNS?

A

Brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What makes up the PNS?

A

peripheral nerves and ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 2 cell classes make up the nervous system (CNS & PNS)?

A

Neurons and glia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of neurons?

A

transmission of information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of glia?

A

Provide support for neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many types of glia is there? How many in each division of the nervous system?

A

5 basic types (4 in CNS, 1 in PNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 2 functions of dendrites

A
  • Receive input from other cells

- Collect info and send to cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name 2 functions of the cell body

A
  • Contains nucleus and organelles

- Sums input from dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name 2 functions/features of the axon

A
  • Carries electrical impulses (action potential)

- May or may not have myelin sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name 2 functions of the axon terminal

A
  • End of the axon

- Releases neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the CNS, what is a group of cell bodies generally called?

A

A nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In the CNS, what is a bundle of axons generally called?

A

A track

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In the CNS, what is a group of cell bodies called on exception? What is this exception?

A

Grey matter

- in cerebral cortex and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In the CNS, what is a bundle of axons called on exception? What is this exception?

A

White matter

- in cerebral cortex and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In the PNS, what is a group of cell bodies called?

A

Ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the PNS, what is a bundle of axons called?

A

A nerve

17
Q

What event occurs at the axon hillock?

A

Summation of inputs and initiation of AP

18
Q

Name the 4 morphological types/shapes of neurons

A

Multipolar, bipolar, unipolar, anaxonic

19
Q

Name the 4 types of glia in the CNS

A

Astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes

20
Q

Name the type glial cell found in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

21
Q

What are 3 functions of astrocytes?

A
  • Supply nutrients to neurons
  • Ensheath blood capillaries to control what nutrients go in/out of neuron
  • Injury response
22
Q

What are 2 functions of microglia?

A
  • Start immune response if needed (these are the immune cells of the CNS)
  • Engulf microorganisms/debris
23
Q

Name 2 functions of ependymal cells

A
  • Line fluid filled spaces of brain/spinal cord

* Have cilia that beat rhythmically in a particular direction to circulate cerebral spinal fluid

24
Q

Name 2 functions of oligodendrocytes

A
  • Support nerve fibres (axons)

* Make myelin sheath

25
Q

Where are Schwann cells found

A

Ensheathing most neurons in the PNS, lined up along axon

26
Q

What is the function of Schwann cells? (brief)

A

To ensheath PNS neuron axons with myelin by wrapping in many layers of plasma membrane (lipid = fat)

27
Q

What 2 types of cells provide myelin sheath?

A

Oligodendrocytes (CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS)

28
Q

What is the myelin sheath?

A

Layers of lipid wrapped around axon

29
Q

What are the gaps between schwann cells called?

A

Nodes of Ranvier

30
Q

What is the function of the Nodes of Ranvier?

A

To increase conductivity velocity

31
Q

What is a synapse?

A

The space between output zone of one cell and input zone of another

32
Q

Why aren’t neurons electrically coupled?

A

Because chemical transmission
= allows flexibility
= can transmit more and different signals via the different neurotransmitters and receptors

33
Q

Which direction does afferent info flow in?

A

Ascending: information into the brain (e.g. sensory info in)

34
Q

What direction does efferent info flow in?

A

Descending: response that comes out of brain (e.g. motor response)

HUBS191 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions