Joints

Question 1

what are the intrinsic hip ligaments?

Answer 1

iliofemoral
ischialfemoral
pubofemoral

Question 2

what is the shape and function of iliofemoral ligament

Answer 2

y shaped covers anterior aspect of the hip

-prevents overextension

Question 3

pubofemoral ligament function

Answer 3

strengthens anterior and inferior part of capsule

helps prevent overabduction and overextension

Question 4

ischiofemoral ligament function

Answer 4

strengthens joint posteriorly helps prevent overextension

Question 5

5 extracapsular ligaments of knee joint

Answer 5

1) patellar ligament
2) fibular collateral ligament
3) tibial collaretal ligament (intrinsic)
4) oblique popliteal ligament (intrinsic)
5) arcuate popliteal ligament
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Question 6

Patellar retincaula

Answer 6

aponeurotic expansions of the vastus medialis and lateralis
support the articular capsule laterally and medially
1) medial and lateral longitudinal patellar retinaculum
2) medial and lateral transverse patellar retinaculum

Question 7

fibular collateral ligament

Answer 7

popliteus tendon passes deep to it, seprates it from lateral meniscus
biceps femoris tendon split by fibular collateral ligament

Question 8

medial or tibial collateral ligament

Answer 8

deep fibers attach to medial meniscus so often more damaged

Question 9

tibial and fibular collateral ligaments

Answer 9

prevent damage to side of knee joint
taut when leg exteneded
slack during leg flexion

Question 10

oblique popliteal ligament

Answer 10

expansion of semimembranousus tendon, strengthens capsule posteriorly

Question 11

aarcuate popliteal ligament

Answer 11

y shaped, arches over popliteus and strengthens capsule posteriorly

Question 12

ACL origin and insertion

Answer 12

origin, anterior part intercondylar eminence

inserts: medial side of lateral condyle of femor

Question 13

PCL origin and insertion

Answer 13

posterior part intercondylar area of tibia

then attaches to lateral surface of medial condyle

Question 14

functgion of anteromedial bundle

Answer 14

resists anterior tibial translation especially during flexion

Question 15

function of posterolateral bundle

Answer 15

resist anterior tibial translation and tibial rotation in extension

Question 16

what makes up the dynamic arch?

Answer 16

tibialis anterior and posterior, flexor hallucis longus, intrinsic plantar muscles (T & P have internally progressed)

Question 17

passive arch

Answer 17

spring ligaments, plantar aponeurosis, shorta and long plantar ligaments

Question 18

long plantar ligament goes where to where?

Answer 18

off calcaneus and base to 3rd and 4th metatarsal

Question 19

where is short plantar ligament

Answer 19

deep to long plantar ligament from calcaneus to cuboid

Question 20

where is spring ligament?

Answer 20

medial to short plantar attaches calcaneo to navicular

Question 21

pes planus clinical note

Answer 21

• flat feet from loss of medial longitudinal arch
• short and long plantar ligaments, and plantar aponeurosis become abnormally stretched
• spring ligament cannot support talar head and talus moves inferiormedially and becomes promonent

Question 22

hallux valgus: 3 things

Answer 22

• lateral deviation of great toe,
• bursa swells and gives you a bunion
• corns over proximal interphalangeal joints

Question 23

mallet toe

Answer 23

flexion in the distal IP joint

Question 24

hammer toe and what digit usually?

Answer 24

extension MP joint and plexion at proximal IP joint (usually digit 2)

Question 25

claw toe

Answer 25

extension at MP joint and flexion at proximal and distal IP joint

Question 26

trigger toe

Answer 26

extension of MP joint and flexed proximal IP joint in big toe

Question 27

what are toe deformities due to?

Answer 27

shortened flexor muscles

Question 28

ankle joint articular capsule

Answer 28

thin anteriorly and posteriorly | each side supported by strong collateral ligaments

Question 29

what kind of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 29

hinge synovial joint with plantar and dorsi flexion

Question 30

where does the ankle joint form?

Answer 30

where the tibia meets the talus

Question 31

name the ligaments in the deltoid ligament that connects tibia to tarsals and what side of the foot?

Answer 31

``` Anterior tibiotalar part tibrionavicular part tibiocalcaneal part posterior tibiotalar part (ATT Plan) medial side ```

Question 32

what is the main ligament sprain and what side?

Answer 32

anterior talofibular ligament on the lateral side

Question 33

what is the high ankle sprains?

Answer 33

posterior tibiofibular ligament and anterior tibiofibular ligament which make up the tibiofibular syndesmosis

Question 34

other ligaments in ankle sprain?

Answer 34

posterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament

Question 35

2 important intertarsal joints:

Answer 35

1) transverse tarsal joint | 2) subtalar joint

Question 36

transverse tarsal joint (2) | -and function?

Answer 36

calcaneocuboid more lateral talonavicular joint more medial -function: permits slight rotation and adds to inversion and eversion at talocalcanel joint

Question 37

where would you amputate the foot?

Answer 37

across transverse tarsal joint

Question 38

subtalar joint has which ligament?

Answer 38

interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

Question 39

potts fracture is?

Answer 39

Deltoid ligament tear, fractured medial malleolus and fibula, torn anterior tibiofibular ligament