Joints of the Foot

Question 1

What structures provide support to the longitudinal arches of the foot?

Answer 1

Muscles provide dynamic support

Ligamentous structures provide passive support

Question 2

What type of joints are the MTP joints

Answer 2

Synovial condyloid joints

Question 3

Describe this ligament

Answer 3

Calcaneocuboid part of the Bifurcate ligament

Runs from the calcaneus to the Navicular and Cuboid

Question 4

Describe the anatomical subtalar joint

Answer 4

Talus- slightly concave posterior calcaneal articular surface
Calcaneus- convex posterior articular facet

Question 5

Describe this ligament

Answer 5

Long Plantar Ligament

Runs from the Calcaneus to the Cuboid and Metatarsals

Question 6

What are the ligaments of the midtarsal joint? (5)

Answer 6

Bifurcate ligament
Dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament 
Spring ligament

Question 7

Describe the lateral longitudinal arch when the foot is weight bearing?

Answer 7

The arch will rest on the ground

Question 8

What are the ligaments of the subtalar joint?

Answer 8

Medial Talocalcaneal
Lateral Talocalcaneal
Interosseous Talocalcaneal (strong)
Posterior Talocalcaneal

Question 9

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?

Answer 9

Plane synovial

Question 10

What joint type is indicated by the red arrows?

Answer 10

Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints

Question 11

What movements occur at the IP joints?

Answer 11

Flexion and Extension

Question 12

What are the joint types of the 2 joints that make up the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

Answer 12

Talocalcaneal part- synovial plane

Talonavicular part- ball and socket

Question 13

What helps to support the transverse arch anteriorly, at the level of the metatarsal heads?

Answer 13

Deep transverse metatarsal ligament

Question 14

What muscle helps to support the transverse arch at the metatarsal bones?

Answer 14

Adductor Hallucis muscle

Question 15

What type of joint is the subtalar joint?

Answer 15

Synovial plane

Question 16

What ligamentous structures provides passive support to the longitudinal arches of the feet?

Answer 16

Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament
Short plantar ligament (calcaneocuboid)
Long plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis

Question 17

What bones make up the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot?

Answer 17

Calcaneus, cuboid, metatarsals 4 and 5

Question 18

What 2 joints make up the Transverse (mid) Tarsal Joint?

Answer 18

Talonavicular Joint

Calcaneocuboid Joints

Question 19

What movements occur at the MTP joints?

Answer 19

Flexion, Extension

Abduction, Adduction

Question 20

What is the Tarsometatarsal joints sometimes referred to clinically?

Answer 20

LisFranc’s Joint

Question 21

What ligaments bind the tarsometatarsal ligaments together?

Answer 21

Dorsal, Plantar and Interosseous tarsometatarsal ligaments

Question 22

Describe the ligament being highlighted

Answer 22

Spring ligament

Runs from Calcaneus to the Navicular

Question 23

What bones contribute to the medial longitudinal arch of the foot?

Answer 23

Calcaneus, Talus, Navicular, 3 Cuneiforms and Metatarsals 1-3

Question 24

What comprises the Tarsometatarsal Joints?

Answer 24

The anterior aspect of the Tarsal Bones - cuboid and cuneiforms
Bases of the metatarsals

Question 25

What joint type is indicated by the green arrows?

Answer 25

Interphalangeal (IP) joints

Question 26

What do the arches of the feet allow?

Answer 26

Weight distribution Allows foot to act as a shock absorber Allows foot to act as a spring board

Question 27

How is the weight distributed through the foot?

Answer 27

Almost equally between the calcaneus and the heads of the metatarsals

Question 28

Describe this ligament

Answer 28

Dorsal Calcaneocuboid Ligament | Runs from the calcaneus to the cuboid

Question 29

What type of joint are the tarsometatarsal joints?

Answer 29

Synovial Plane

Question 30

What movements occur at the Subtalar and Talcalcaneal part of the Talocalcaneonavicular joints?

Answer 30

Inversion and Eversion

Question 31

What movement does the midtarsal joint augment?

Answer 31

Inversion and Eversion

Question 32

What muscles provide dynamic support to the longitudinal arches?

Answer 32

All the intrinsic muscles of the foot Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus

Question 33

Describe the ligament being highlighted?

Answer 33

Short plantar ligament | Runs from the calcaneus to the cuboid

Question 34

What type of joints are the IP joints

Answer 34

Synovial hinge joints

Question 35

Which of the longitudinal arches is higher?

Answer 35

The medial longitudinal arch

Question 36

What tendons support the transverse arch at the level of the tarsal arch?

Answer 36

Tendon of Tibialis Posterior | Tendon of Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus