Joints Of The Shoulder Region (MA)

Question 1

Acromioclavicular Joint

Answer 1

Articulations: acromial end of the clavicle and the acromion process of the scapula.

Joint type: Plane type of synovial joint

Associated ligaments: Acromioclavicular, Coracoclavicular ligament: Conoid (runs from the root of the coracoid process up to the inferior surface of the clavicle), Trapezoid (takes a superior and lateral position on the coracoid process, it runs up and inserts on the inferior aspect of the clavicle,) this ligament is one that really provides strength to the acromioclavicular joint.

Motions: allows rotation during movements of the scapula

Question 2

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 2

Articulations: humeral head and the glenoid cavity (fossa) of the scapula

Joint type: ball- and-socket type of joint

Associated ligaments: Coracohumeral, superior glenohumeral, middle glenohumeral, transverse humeral, coraco-acromial arch: acromion, coracoid process, and coraco-acromial ligament

Bursae: Subacromial (subdeltoid), subscapular

Motion: flexion/extension, adduction/ abduction, internal/external rotation

Question 3

Sternoclavicular Joint

Answer 3

Articulation: Sternal end of the clavicle, clavicular notch of the manubrium, and a small part of the 1st rib

Joint type: saddle type of joint (but functions more as a ball and socket joint because of the two synovial cavities created by the articular disc)

Associated ligaments: Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular, costoclavicular, interclavicular

Motion: Elevation, depression, anterior and posterior gliding, rotary movement

Question 4

Scapulothoracic Joint

Answer 4

(Not a synovial joint)

Articulation: Interposed between the scapula and thoracic wall lie two muscles (subscapularis and serratus anterior that glide along one another allowing for the scapula to glide on the thorax)

Joint type: Physiological joint

Movements: Elevation/depression, retraction (adduction) and protraction (abduction), upward and downward rotation