Joints of the UE Flashcards
(20 cards)
Dislocation of AC joint
- AC ligament can tear or rupture through a direct blow or a fall on a shoulder or outstretched limb
- Coracoclavicular ligament can also tear or rupture –> shoulder separation from clavicle
Glenoid labrum
- Fibrocartilaginous ring
- Acts to deepen glenoid cavity
GH joint: Rotator cuff injuries
Due to repetitive use
- Inflammation
- Pain
- Tears
- Impingement
- Irritation
- Tendonitis
- Rupture
What rotator cuff tendon is most frequently torn?
Supraspinatus
Dislocation of GH joint
Aka. Shoulder dislocation
- Ligaments & tendons do not cross GHJ inferiorly, therefore inferior aspect of capsule is weakest
- Most dislocations occur anteriorly
- Endangers musculocutaneous n & branches of axillary a
Humerus fractures
- Surgical neck
- Midshaft
- Supracondylar
- Medial epicondyle
- All endanger neurovasculature
What does a surgical neck fx endanger?
- Axillary n
- Circumflex humeral aa
What does a midshaft fx endanger?
Contents of radial groove:
- Radial n
- Deep a & v of arm
What does a supracondylar fx endanger?
- Median n
- Brachial a
What does a medial epicondyle fx endanger?
Ulnar n
The capitulum of the humerus articulates w/ what?
Radial head
The trochlea of the humerus articulates w/ what?
Ulna
Anular ligament
- Extends from anterior ulna, around radius head (surrounds but does not attach), to posterior ulna
- Stabilizes radial head against ulna & radius against capitulum
- Enables radius to rotate
Pulled (or Nursemaid’s) elbow
- Subluxation of radial head from angular ligament
- May tear anular ligament
- Children (1-3yo)
Colles fx
- Distal fx of the radius
- Landing on outstretched hand
- Most common fx of adults > 50yo
“Dinner fork deformity”
- Associated w/ Colles fx
- A posterior displacement of the distal fragment –> angulation
Scaphoid fx
- Most frequently fractured carpal
- Landing on outstretched hand
- Danger of avascular necrosis
Dislocation of lunate
- Landing on dorsal side of wrist
- Lunate is pushed anteriorly, compressing contents of carpal tunnel (esp. median n)
Mallet finger
- Avulsion of extensor expansion at level of DIP
- Digit flexed at DIP due to unopposed contraction of flexor digitorum profundus
Boutonniere deformity
- Avulsion of extensor expansion at level of PIP
- Presents w/ flexion of PIP & extension of DIP
- Proximal phalanx protrudes btwn unavulsed portions
