ju kei sajens rakovina Flashcards
(25 cards)
Who is considered the founder of modern physics and mechanics?
Isaac Newton - 1643-1727
Physicist, mathematician, astronomer
Newton was a physicist, mathematician, and astronomer who made significant contributions to science.
What law did Isaac Newton discover that describes the force of attraction between objects?
The law of gravitation
This law states that every mass attracts every other mass in the universe.
Name the three laws formulated by Isaac Newton regarding motion.
Three laws of motion
These laws describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it.
Who improved the steam engine?
James Watt - 1736-1819
Watt’s improvements significantly increased the efficiency of the steam engine.
What is George Stephenson known as?
Father of Railways 1781-1848
first railway
his son Robert continued his work
He was instrumental in developing the first train with a steam engine and the first public railway.
What major contributions did Michael Faraday make to science?
First electric motor, discovered benzene, invented an early type of Bunsen burner
Faraday’s work laid the groundwork for electromagnetic technology.
What is a Faraday cage?
A structure that protects the inside from electrical charges
It ensures safety during electrical storms by allowing electricity to pass on the outside only.
What is the theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin?
Life changes slowly from one form to another
This theory posits that all living things share a common ancestor and evolve over generations.
What does natural selection theory state?
Only the fittest survive
It emphasizes the survival and reproduction of organisms best adapted to their environment.
Who is considered the first computer programmer?
Ada Lovelace
She wrote the world’s first computer program.
What significant invention is Alexander Graham Bell known for?
The telephone
He was also a teacher of the deaf and co-founder of AT&T.
What groundbreaking discovery did Alexander Fleming make?
Penicillin
This was the first effective antibiotic, discovered accidentally when he noticed mould inhibiting bacterial growth.
What is the Turing test designed to measure?
Artificial intelligence
It assesses whether a machine can exhibit intelligent behavior indistinguishable from a human.
What significant work did Alan Turing contribute to during WWII?
Breaking the German Enigma code
His efforts in cryptography were pivotal in the war effort.
What condition did Stephen Hawking suffer from?
ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
This disease affects nerve cells and led to significant physical challenges for him throughout his life.
What is the title of Stephen Hawking’s famous book?
A Brief History of Time
The book discusses complex concepts in cosmology, including the Big Bang and black holes.
What theory suggests that the universe started from a single point?
The Big Bang theory
This theory is a fundamental concept in cosmology explaining the origin of the universe.
Fill in the blank: The first effective antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming is called _______.
Penicillin
Michael Faraday
Chemist and physicist 1791-1867
Charles Darwin - 3
1809-1882
theory of evolution - all living things come from a mutual ancestor by slowly changing throughout the generations
natural selection theory - only the fittest survive
book - On the origin of species
Ada Lovelace - father + birth year
1815-1852
Lord Byron
Alexander Graham Bell - 3
- 1847-1992
- teacher(of deaf), scientist, inventor
- Co-founder of today’s AT&T company
Alexander Fleming - 4
- 1881-1955
- biologist/pharmacologist
- discovered penicillin (shared Nobel Prize)-first effective antibiotic
- accidental discovery- returning from holiday, he noticed that mould growing on a Petri dish prevented the bacteria around it from growing
Alan Turing (7)
- 1912-1954
- mathematician and computer scientist
- worked on the first computers
- Turing test- test designed to measure artificial intelligence (machine can be called “intelligent” if a human talking with it cannot tell it is a machine)
- helped to break the German Enigma code during WWII
- convicted for homosexuality- underwent forced treatment
- he died of poisoning (probably suicide)
