Flashcards in Judaism Deck (40)
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1
What is theology
Things people believe
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Orthodoxic
focuses on faith and belief but not much diet and dress
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Orthopraxis
Thinks about behavior, ritual and diet
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Bracketing
What religious scholars have to do, put your beliefs aside to study a religion
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Theological questions
Where did we come from? How do we know we are blessed by God. How do we know others are not blessed by God. Why does how we eat, dress, and pray matter to God. What is sin, what happens to sinners.
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Abraham
Called by God to move his people to a new place far away. Fathers his child Ishmael with a maid. His wife Sara gives birth to Isaac. Sara gets jealous kicks out Ishmael and his mom. Isaac has child Jacob, wrestles with God and God changes Jacob's name to Israel.
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Moses
Egyptians kill and enslave Hebrews and Moses is sent off to safety to a household. When Moses finds out he is Jewish he kills Egyptian overlord. Goes out into the wilderness and meets a burning bush that speaks to him and tells him to set his people free. Exodus occurs and Moses receives the 10 commandments
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Shema
creed of Judaism
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Covenant and election
Treaties, "if you are loyal to me i will protect you", this becomes an issue when temples are destroyed
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Theodicy
Why does god allow evil to occur?
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Halakhah
how to follow the law of god properly
12
Messiah
David was the first messiah, one loses the title of messiah when they die, it's passed on to their off spring. Cyrus only non jew as messiah
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Hebrew Bible
main theological writing for jews, 3 parts: Torah, Nevi and Ket. In other words (Teaching, prophets, and writings)
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Ahskenazi vs sephardic
Different tradition, diets, dress, languages, prayers, etc. Ashkenazi: Eastern Europe, Germany, France
Sephardic: Spain, Portugal, North Africa, Middle East
15
Conservative Judaism
Fine with cultural changes but strict with the changes to tradition
16
Orthopraxy
correct practice "ortho" (correct) "praxy" (practice)
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Mitzvah
laws or commandments
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Torah
Contains laws of God given to Moses to instruct the Israelites in every aspect of life. It is the first 5 books of the bible
19
Circumcision
Cut off foreskin to mark Abrahams covenant with God,
occurs on the 8th day of a boys life
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Epispasm
creating new foreskin for yourself, used a lot for the olympics in Greece
21
Kashrut
Rules of eating in Judaism. Cannot eat an animal that died of natural causes or killed by another animal. Consumption of blood not allowed too.
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Ritual Purity
Contact with something like blood, semen or death, makes one impure and requires ritual purification
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Niddah
Women who are menstruating cannot be touched and go into a mikveh which is like a hot tub
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Sabbath
Every 7th day is a day of rest, handling money is prohibted during sabbath
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Synagogue Worship
Decentralized authority (no hierarchy), no temple like functions, led by rabbis, gender seperations (for conservative congregations)
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Synagogue service
1 hour long; scripture, singing, kissing torah scroll, prayer
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Bar Mitzvah
When a Jewish boy becomes a man and he can be in a minyan, 10 adult males are required for a minyan. Female version is a novelty, but conservative and reform would have sports for women in their minyan
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Tefillin
Tool for focusing on prayer, two small black boxes each with a scroll of the torah in it are placed on the body (one on heart one on mind. the boxes are strapped to the body with kosher leather
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Tallith
A shawl that is placed over your head that is supposed to block out sound and motion, some jews wear this all the time to show their devotion
30
Kippah
A skull cap, orthodox tend to wear in public, conservative sometimes in public always in worship, reform only sometimes
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Jewish time
Relation to the cycle of nature, history of interaction with god
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Rosh Hashanah
Jewish new year: 5780,1st of tishri- september and october, sep 29 2019, focuses on self improvement and repentance
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Yom Kipper
Collective guilt and forgiveness, temple culture, holy of holies, YHWH a name NOT to be spoken, spoken instead as Adonay, 10 days after Rosh Hashanah, most holy day; fasting, somber, serious, 10th of Tishri
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Sukkot
15th of Tishri, related to autumn harvest, sleeping in field to protect crops
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Simhat Torah
The joy of the torah, follows last day of sukkot, celebrates the gift of God's law
36
Hanukkah
Hanukkah is a Jewish festival commemorating the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire. Last 8 nights, each night a candle it lit, until the last night when there are 8 candles burning
37
Purim
Most joyous and fun of jewish holy days, Book of esther
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Pesach/Passover
Symbolic meaning: emergence from winter and entry into spring, Historical meaning: recalls exodus from Egypt, meal is called seder (means order), story told alongside meal is Pesach Haggadah
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Shavuot
Also called the festival of weeks (My-june), relationship to nature Theological meaning: celebrates the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai
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