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Judaism Beliefs Flashcards

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1
Q

Monotheistic

A

A religion that believes in one G-D

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2
Q

The Nature of G-D

A 
G-D influences the world and our places in it
Not a Person
Source of all Morality
Creator
Loyalty in exchange for life
Judges people on how they follow laws
See G-D's work in History so by study text, they learn more about G-D
Constantly at Work
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3
Q

G-D or God?

A

G-d is used as a sign of respect
Cannot be destroyed when written in Hebrew
Not said out loud- Adonai said instead
Any book with it in is treated with respect
Buried in Jewish Cemetery
Some say it’s a Title, some a Name

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4
Q

What does Adonai Mean?

A

My Lord

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5
Q

What are the Hebrew letters of G-D?

A

YHWH

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6
Q

What is the Shema?

A

An important Jewish Prayer from Deuteronomy and Numbers

Comes from “Lishmoa”- to listen/hear

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7
Q

What is expressed in the Shema?

A

G-D is always Present
What you see, hear and experience is a meeting with G-D
G–D is one
Unity of G-D

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8
Q

Quote about the Shema: One G-D

A

“Hear, o Israel! The Lord is our G-D, the Lord is one”

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9
Q

Quote about the Shema: Loving G-D

A

“You shall love the Lord your G-D with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might”

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10
Q

Quote about the Shema: Children

A

“Impress them upon your Children”

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11
Q

Quote about the Shema: When Said

A

“Recite them when you stay at home and when you are away, when you lie down, and when you get up”

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12
Q

Quote about the Shema: Tefillin

A

“Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead”

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13
Q

Quote about the Shema: Mezuza

A

“Inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates”

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14
Q

What is the First line of the Torah?

A

“When G-D began to create heaven and earth”

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15
Q

Beliefs about Creation

A

G-D is the Creator
Created the Universe out of nothing as He wanted it to be
6000 years ago

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16
Q

Ultra Orthodox/Orthodox Beliefs about Creation

A

Happened 6000 Years Ago

Reject evolution

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17
Q

Reform Beliefs about Creation

A

Accept Revolution but that G-D made everything happen

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18
Q

Structure of Creation

A

4 Days for Universe to support Life
2 Days to create all living Creatures
G-D rested on the 7th Day

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19
Q

Omnipotent

A

All Powerful

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20
Q

Omniscient

A

All Seeing

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21
Q

Omnipresent

A

Everywhere at all times

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22
Q

Omnibenevolent

A

All Loving

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23
Q

Evil and Free Will

A

G-D created Evil
Gave us Free will to do the right thing
Know the difference between good and bad
Choosing good makes the deed more Significant

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24
Q

Quote about G-D and Free Will

A

“I form light and create darkness, I make weal and create woe”

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25
G-D as a Sustainer
G-D provided sufficient resources to feed and provide for all species Distributed unevenly due to Free Will Helping others fulfils G-D's Plan
26
G-D as a Lawgiver
Torah Contains 613 Laws governing Jews' behaviour Form the Basis of Halakhah Basis of relationship between G-D and Jews
27
The Ten Commandments
Given to Moses by G-D over 3000 Years Ago | Inscribed on 2 Tablets of Stone
28
Halakhah
Accepted Code of Conduct for Jewish Life
29
G-D as a Judge
Judged by how well Jews follow G-D's Laws Judged no matter of Religion Judgements are Fair Qualities of Justice and Mercy Perfectly balanced
30
When are the 2 Main Times of Judgement?
Rosh Hashanah- Decides what the year will bring them | After Death- Where they will spend their afterlife
31
Shekhinah
The Divine Presence of G-D on Earth Sign of G-D's Power and Glory Feminine Presence as it's a Feminine Word
32
Tabernacle
A portable structure which was the early dwelling place of G-D before Solomon's Temple in 10th Century BCE Carried from Egypt to Canaan
33
Which Prophets referenced the presence of G-D in the Temple?
Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel
34
What are the Customs Surrounding Death?
Inevitable-Part of G-D's Plan Jews shouldn't die alone so should be looked after and Visited Should be close to their eyes Intense Mourning till Burial
35
What do Jews recite upon hearing of the Death of a loved one?
"Blessed are you, Lord our G-D, King of the Universe, the True Judge"
36
Beliefs on the Afterlife
Teaching developed over time | Could be Physical or Spiritual
37
Heaven
The good enter Paradise Gan Eden At one with G-D
38
Sheol
Place of waiting where souls are cleansed
39
Quote on Heaven and Sheol
"some to eternal life, others to reproaches, to everlasting Abhorrence"
40
Judgement and Resurrection
Some Believe they are Judged by G-D as soon as they die | Some Believe they are Judged on the Day of Judgement or after the arrival of the Messiah
41
Quote to Show Immediate Judgement after Death
"And the dust returns to the ground as it was, and the lifebreath returns to G-D who bestowed it"
42
Quote to Show late Judgement after Death
"Many of those that sleep in the dust of the Earth will awake, some to eternal life, others to reproaches, to everlasting abhorrence"
43
Origins of the Messiah
In the 12th Century, Maimonides complied "Thirteen Fundamental Principles of Jewish Faith" The 12th Principle was the belief in the Messiah and the Messianic Age
44
What is the Messiah?
The 'anointed one' and future leader of the Jews in the future
45
Nature of the Messiah
No suggestion it's Saul as he disobeyed G-D G-D changed Saul- Could apply to future Messiah Descendent of King David Rule Jews in Messianic Age
46
The Messianic Age
Dead resurrected and Temple Rebuilt | War will End and people will live in Peace and Harmony
47
Quote about the Messianic Age
"And the wolf shall dwell the lamb"
48
Orhtodox Belief on the Messiah
Desendent of David in every Generation as a potential Messiah Provides hope to those facing hard times
49
Expectations of the Messiah Outlined in the Tenakh
Uphold the Torah and to be the Ultimate Teacher Rebuild Temple Usher World Peace Unite Humanity as One
50
Reform Beliefs on the Messiah
Reject Messiah | Everyone working together to acheive Peace
51
Abraham
``` Born in Messopotamia in 20th BCE Idol Worshup Abraham Beilevd in One G-D Beleived Worshipping Idols was wrong Monotheistic ```
52
The Promised Land and Abraham
Abraham, Sarah, Terah and other family left for Cannan Settled at Haran where Terah died G-D told him to continue and made a covenant Once they reached Cannan, G-D told Abraham to look around at the Promised Land
53
What is a Covenant?
``` Agreement between G-D and the People Benefits both Parties Still apply today G-D will never break his side Sealed by oaths and a special action ```
54
Who have Covenants been made between?
Adam, Abraham, Noah, Moses
55
The Chosen People
Jews chosen by G-D to be his people | Not superior to others
56
The Covenant with Abraham
Circumcision-Removal of the Foreskin from the Penis Made him the Father of many nations Circumcised himself and all males in his household Sarah Conceived at old age Isaac Born
57
Quote about the Covenant with Abraham
"I will make of you a great Nation and I will bless you"
58
The Escape from Egypt
400 Years after Abraham's Covenant-Jews Slaves Moses rescued from Nile as a baby and bought up in the Palace Killed Egyptian Worker who was Hitting a Jew so fled G-D spoke to him through Burning Bush Told him to ask Pharaoh to free the Israelites Pharaoh refused and G-D sent 10 Plagues so G-D let them go Parted the Red sea and rescued 3 Million Jews
59
The Ten Commandments
Moses went up Mount Sinai and G-D gave him the 10 Commandments
60
What are the 10 Commandments?
I am the Lord your G-D, who bought you out of Slavery in Egypt You shall have no other G-D's beside me Don't use G-D's name in Vain Remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy Honour your father and mother Thou Shall not Kill Thou Shall not Commit Adultery Thou Shall not Steal Thou Shall not bear false witness against your neighbour Thou shall not Covet
61
What are the Key Moral Principles
Last 6 Commandments outline this Justice Healing the World Kindness to Others
62
Key Moral Principles- Justice
Sacred Duty Acheived with truth and Peace Bringing about what is right and fair, according to the law, or making up for a wrongdoing Justice chnges to suit situation Torah brings it Via Mercy Guidance on treatment of Poor and Rich Shouldn't ignore suffering of others
63
Key Moral Principles- Healing the World
``` Tikkun Olam- Being involved in G-D's work to sustain the world Increase Social Justice Preserve environment Some don't believe that's enough Become closer to G-D through Prayer ```
64
Key Moral Principles- Kindness to others
Positive, caring actions shown to all living things Jews and Non-Jews Love others as they love themselves
65
What is the meaning of the Sanctity of Life?
All life is Holy as it's created by G-D Human life shouldn't be Misused or Abused Stems from Creation Story- Made in G-D's image
66
Beliefs about ending life
Only G-D can take away life Preserving life is a duty Death can only be Natural
67
Controversy in ending life
War Murder Abortion Capital Punishment
68
Natural Death
Medical Technology Patients kept alive at all costs Others believe you shouldn't wait until the patient is in great pain E.G: Ventilator removed if preventing natural death
69
Pikuach Nefesh
Saving a life Value of Human life Can break Shabbat Transplant Surgery
70
Quote on Saving a life
"He who saves a life, saves the world entire" Save family and generations When their world is destroyed so is yours
71
Quote on Pikuach Nefesh
"Do not profit off the blood of your fellow"
72
When do you choose death over Pikuach Nefesh?
Murder Idol Worship Adultery
73
Free Will
``` The belief that people have the opportunity to make decisions for themselves Seen in Adam and Eve's disobedience Choices have consequences Do a good thing- Judged Favourably Do a bad thing- Judged Badly ```
74
Mitzvot
``` Commandment Good deed or charitable act 613 in Torah 248 Positive 365 Negative Given at Sinai Helps Jews use free will correctly ```
75
Mitzvot between Man and G-D
First 4 Commandments | Further guidance on building a strong relationship with G-D
76
Mitzvot between Man and G-D Areas
``` Ritual, Worship Sacrifice Food laws Festivals ```
77
Mitzvot between Man and Man
Someone who doesn't love people doesn't love G-D | How to be a member of the community
78
Mitzvot between Man and Man Areas
Treatment of Workers Settling Disputes Kashrut

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