K101 Final Exam Practice Unit 3 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Ch 11: up to 60% of all medicines used today influence what structures in the cell membrane?
A. Receptor tyrosine-kinases
B. epinephrine receptors
C. growth factors
D. G-protein linked receptors
E. steroid hormone receptors
D. G-protein linked receptors
Ch 11: How does adenylyl cyclase help transmit signals within a cell?
A. adenylyl cyclase converts cAMP to phosphodiesterase, which then amplified the signal throughout the cell
B. adenylyl cyclase activates a G protein after binding to an extracellular ligand
C. adenylyl cyclase activates phosphodiesterase C, releasing IP3 and DAG from membrane lipids
D. adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, which them amplifies the signal throughout the cell
E. adenylyl cyclase is responsible for the initial dimerization of R-TK proteins
D. adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, which them amplifies the signal throughout the cell
Ch 11: Receptor tyrosin kinases (RTKs) are found at high levels on various cancer cells. A protein, Herceptin, has been found to bind to an RTK known as HER2 if which of the following is true?
A. if Herceptin is found in the breast lymph nodes of the patient
B. if HER2, administered by injection, is in sufficient concentration
C. if the patient’s breast cancer cells have detectable HER2
D. if the patient’s genome codes for the HER2 receptor
E. if the patient’s genome codes for the manufacture of Herceptin
C. if the patient’s breast cancer cells have detectable HER2
Ch 11: If you wish to design an experiment to block a G protein-coupled receptor interaction, the block would preferentially affect which of the following?
A. the exterior (cytoplasmic) end of the receptor
B. the cytosolic end of the receptor
C. phospholipase C and IP3
D. the amino acid sequence in the binding site for the G protein
E. the amino acids in the binding site for adenylyl cyclase
D. the amino acid sequence in the binding site for the G protein
Ch 11: The activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (R-TKs) is always characterized by:
A. dimerization and auto-phosphorylation
B. activation of adenylyl cyclase
C. a phosphorylation cascade
D. GTP hydrolysis
E. phosphorylation of Protein Kinase A
A. dimerization and auto-phosphorylation
Ch 12 & 13: If the cell whose nuclear material is shown at right continues toward completion of mitosis, which of the following events would occur next?
A. cell membrane synthesis
B. spindle fiber formation
C. nuclear envelope breakdown
D. formation of telophase nuclei
E. synthesis of chromatids
D. formation of telophase nuclei
Ch 12 & 13: For anaphase to begin, which of the following must occur?
A. chromatids must lose their kinetochores
B. Cohesin must attach the sister chromatids to each other
C. Cohesin must be cleaved enzymatically
D. Kinetochores must attach to the metaphase plaste
E. spindle microtubules must begin to depolymerize
C. Cohesin must be cleaved enzymatically
Ch 12 & 13: In plants, triploid endosperm cells contain three sets of chromosomes. If a plant species has 42 chromosomes per diploid cell, the triploid endosperm would be expected to have:
A. 63 chromosomes in 31 1/2 pairs
B. 63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3
C. 63 chromosomes, each with 3 chromatids
D. 21 chromosome pairs and 21 unique chromosomes
B. 63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3
Ch 12 & 13: If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be:
A. 0.25x
B. 0.5x
C. x
D. 2x
E. 4x
D. 2x
Ch 12 & 13: observations of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells ________
A. have altered plasma membranes and cytoskeleton proteins
B. have mutations or deletions in tumor suppressors like p53
C. have the ability to stimulate new blood vessel formation
D. do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition of growth
E. all of the above
E. all of the above
**Ch 12 & 13: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following occurs in meiosis, but not mitosis?
A. the cells formed have the same combination of genes as found in the initial cells
B. homologous chromosomes separate
C. the nuclear envelope disappears
D. sister chromatids undergo disjunction
E. a spindle apparatus forms
B. homologous chromosomes separate
D. sister chromatids undergo disjunction
Ch 12 & 13: In a plant with a diploid chromosome number of 2n=46, how many pairs of homologous chromosomes are present in a cell that has just entered Meiosis II?
A. 0
B. 2
C. 23
D. 46
A. 0
Ch 12 & 13: Using a microscope to examine the skin cells from a female, it is apparent that each nucleus has two Barr bodies. From this karyotype, it can be concluded that the woman’s chromosomal condition is
A. 47, XXX
B. 46, XX
C. 45, XX
D. 45, XO
E. 47, XXY
A. 47, XXX
Ch 12 & 13: Homologous chromosomes synapse or pair during:
A. anaphase I
B. prophase I
C. anaphase II
D. telophase II
E. prophase II
B. prophase I
Ch 14 & 15: Mendel’s law of independent assortment has its basis in which of the following events of meiosis?
A. synapsis of homologous chromosomes
B. crossing over in prophase
C. alignment of tetrads at the equator in metaphase
D. separation of homologs at anaphase
E. separation of cells at telophase
C. alignment of tetrads at the equator in metaphase
Ch 14 & 15: In a population with two alleles for cystic fibrosis, C and c, the frequency the recessive allele is 0.6. What percent of the population would be heterozygous carriers for cystic fibrosis if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
A. 16%
B. 36%
C. 40%
D. 48%
E. 64%
D. 48%
Ch 14 & 15: Maize (corn) plants are tall if they have the genotype HH or Hh, and they are short if they have genotype hh. If a tall plant is mated with a short plant, which outcome would indicate that the tall parent corn plant was heterozygous?
A. the ratio of tall offspring to short offspring is 1:1
B. all of the offspring are short
C. all of the offspring are tall
D. the ratio of tall offspring to short offspring is 3:1
A. the ratio of tall offspring to short offspring is 1:1
Ch 14 & 15: A fruitfly with red eyes and leg bristles (genotype RrBb) was mated with a white-eyed ly lacking bristles (rrbb). Five hundred offspring were counted, with the following results: 58 Rrbb offspring, 62 rrBb offspring, 200 RrBb offspring, 180 rrbb offspring. Based on these results, how much distance is between these two genes on the chromosome?
A. 24%
B. 58%
C. 60%
D. 76%
E. 100%
A. 24%
Ch 14 & 15: The trait found in the individuals is represented by the shaded symbols. Which of the following patterns of transmission for this gene is/are consistent with this pedigree?
A. autosomal recessive
B. autosomal dominant
C. X-linked recessive
B. autosomal dominant
Ch 14 & 15: Match the following human genetics disorders with their inheritance patterns: Marfan’s
A. autosomal recessive condition
B. autosomal dominant condition
C. dominant lethal condition
D. X-linked condition
E. multifactoral condition
B. autosomal dominant condition
Ch 14 & 15: Match the following human genetics disorders with their inheritance patterns: Tay Sachs
A. autosomal recessive condition
B. autosomal dominant condition
C. dominant lethal condition
D. X-linked condition
E. multifactoral condition
A. autosomal recessive condition
Ch 14 & 15: Match the following human genetics disorders with their inheritance patterns: Cystic Fibrosis
A. autosomal recessive condition
B. autosomal dominant condition
C. dominant lethal condition
D. X-linked condition
E. multifactoral condition
A. autosomal recessive condition
Ch 14 & 15: Match the following human genetics disorders with their inheritance patterns: Hemophilia
A. autosomal recessive condition
B. autosomal dominant condition
C. dominant lethal condition
D. X-linked condition
E. multifactoral condition
D. X-linked condition
Ch 14 & 15: Match the following human genetics disorders with their inheritance patterns: Achondroplasia
A. autosomal recessive condition
B. autosomal dominant condition
C. dominant lethal condition
D. X-linked condition
E. multifactoral condition
C. dominant lethal condition
