KA1 - structure of DNA Flashcards
1
Q
What do nucleotides consist of?
A
A deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate and a base
2
Q
How are singular strands of DNA joined together?
A
Sugar Phosphate backbone
3
Q
How do single strands form double strands?
A
Complimentary base pairing by hydrogen bonds
4
Q
What forms the genetic code?
A
The base sequence of DNA
5
Q
Explain the structure of DNA
A
it is a
- double stranded antiparallel structure
- with deoxyribose sugar at 3’ and phosphate at 5’
- respectively forming a double helix
6
Q
Explain prokaryotes
A
- singular circular chromosome
- smaller circular plasmids
7
Q
Explain eukaryotes
A
- linear chromosomes which are tightly coiled and packaged in the nucleus
- with associated proteins: histones
- circular chromosomes in MITOCHONDRIA and CHLOROPLASTS
8
Q
Why is yeast special?
A
It is a eukaryote, even though it has plasmids!
9
Q
What are examples of prokaryotes?
A
Bacteria, archaea
10
Q
What are examples of eukaryotes?
A
Animals, plants, fungi, protists. yeast!!!
