KA2: Proteins: The proteome Flashcards
1
Q
what is the proteome?
A
the entire set of proteins expressed by a genome
2
Q
Why is the proteome is larger than the number of genes in an organism?
A
Because more than one protein can be produced from a single gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing
3
Q
Not all genes are…
A
expressed as proteins in a particular cell type
4
Q
what are genes that do not code for proteins called?
what do they include?
A
non-coding RNA genes
include that are those that are transcribed to produce:
* tRNA
* rRNA
* RNA
(molecules)
5
Q
what do tRNA, rRNA and RNA molecules control?
A
expression of other genes
6
Q
How can the set of proteins expressed by a given cell vary?
A
- over time
- undercertain conditions
7
Q
Give examples of factors which affect the set of proteins expressed by a given cell (4)
A
- metabolic activity of the cell
- cellular stress
- response to signalling molecules
- diseased versus healthy cells
