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PANRE review > Kaplan test > Flashcards

Kaplan test Flashcards

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1
Q

Pt presents with retrosternal pain radiating to the back and jaw described as squeezing. Pain is aggravated by swallowing cold liquids. Diagnosis?

A

Esophageal spasm

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2
Q

Pt with acute trauma, LOC then lucid period before altered mental status. CT shows a lens shaped (convex) bleed protruding into the brain parenchyma. Diagnosis?

A

Epidural hematoma

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3
Q

Auer rods, which blood CA?

A

AML

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4
Q

What doe heinz bodies indicate on peripheral smear?

A

G6PD deficiency

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5
Q

What are Hirano bodies?

A

eosinophilic rod-like structures found adjacent to pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases (alzheimer’s, Pick’s)

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6
Q

What are Howell-Jolly bodies on smear associated with?

A

Asplenia

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7
Q

Philadelphia chromosoma blood CA?

A

CML

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8
Q

The vetilline duct, if not totally obliterated in the 7th week of life, can persist as what structure name?

A

Meckel’s diverticulum 3-4 feet above the ileocolic junction

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9
Q

What is the most common bone malignancy (adolescents with pain or swelling in the bone or joint)?

A

Osteosarcoma

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10
Q

What is the most common cause of urethritis?

A

Gonorrhea

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11
Q

What is the most common cause of cystitis (suprapubic discomfort)?

A

Coliform bacteria (e. coli)

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12
Q

symptomatic pt with a negative HIV ELISA test, what are the next steps toward diagnosis?

A

Send a viral load and a p24 antigen which are most sensitive

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13
Q

What are the Anti SM and Anti DS DNA tests for?

A

SLE, positive 40-60% of patients

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14
Q

What is the Anti-centromere (ACA) antibody for?

A

Scleroderma minor (CREST syndrome) the more insidious version of scleroderma

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15
Q

What is the Anti-DNA tropoisomerase I test for?

A

scleroderma typical patients are 70% positive

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16
Q

What is another word for sociopath?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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17
Q

What study should be ordered to diagnose a pleural effusion?

A

left lateral decubitus xray

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18
Q

pt with new normocytic anemia has tear dropped cells. Diagnostic test? likely diagnosis?

A

bone marrow biopsy likely will show myelofibrosis (marrow fibrosis)

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19
Q

What is the chance that polyps are malignant?

A

Flat polyps - villous adenomas: 35%, adenomatous or villoglandular - 2%

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20
Q

At what age is intussusception most likely to occur?

A

3-12 months of age

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21
Q

What are the most common pharmacologic offenders of adverse effects of angioedema and urticaria (4 classes + 1 specific)?

A

Antibiotics, NSAIDs including ASA, Opiates, Contrast, ACE inhibitors

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22
Q

Female newborn with low apgar and on exam macroglossia, coarse facial features, enlarged fontanelles and an umbilical hernia. LIkely diagnosis? Confirmatory test?

A

congenital hypothyroidism confirm with thyrotropin (TSH) and T4
May not develop full symptoms until 3-6 months of age with failure to thrive

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23
Q

how long after starting wellbutrin is a quit date initiated for smoking cessation?

24
Q

What immunoglobulin is for conferred immunity?

25
What immuniglobulin is for allergies?
IgE
26
What is the first antibody detected in response to an antigen?
IgA
27
Pt with vasculitis, upper/lower respiratory tract infections (recurrent) and glomerular nephritis, diagnosis?
Wegeners granulomatosis
28
Patient having difficulty writing and spasms when doing so. Feeling as though he just can't bend is wrist the right way. Otherwise, no physical findings. Diagnosis?
Writer's dystonia
29
Treatment for port wine stain skin lesions?
pulsed laser treatment
30
patient presents with short course diarrhea with blood and pus, organism?
Campylobacter
31
What is the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea?
Enterotoxic e. coli
32
How do you treat a patient with bleeding hemophilia B?
Factor IX transfusion
33
What is the diagnostic imaging of choice for a AAA?
abd ultrasound
34
HIV patient with diarrhea and weight loss, organism?
Cryptosporidium
35
What is the treatment of presumed tylenol overdose within the first 4 hours?
NAC and activated charcoal
36
newborn turns blue but improves with crying, diagnosis?
coanal atresia (membrane preventing nasal oxygen exchange)
37
What is the antedote to benzos for quick reversal?
flumazenil
38
What is the antedote to heparine?
protamine
39
What is the antedote for acute lead poisoning?
Calcium disodium edetate
40
What is the Kleihauer-Betke test?
a test to identify the amount of maternal fetal hemorrhage exposure to determine rho-gam dose to be given after delivery
41
To maintain a patient ductus arteriosus in an infant with artery malformations, what management is performed?
prostalgandin E1 administration and room air ventilation to decrease oxygen's effect on a narrowing ductus
42
pt with dyspnea and honeycombing on cxr. Diagnosis?
Asbestosis
43
pt with dyspnea and eggshell pattern on cxr, diagnosis?
silicosis
44
In a child with BRBPR, what is the first diagnostic test even if h/h is stable?
radionucleotide bleeding scan
45
What is the threshold for adding prednisone in the treatment of pneumocystis?
prednisone decreases mortality in PJP patients by 50% in the setting of hypoxia
46
Initial pneumonia management in an IVDU? organism?
S. Aureus, vancomycin
47
Patient in ICU with normal TSH, low T3/T4, diagnosis?
Euthyroid sick syndrome
48
What addictive substance is associated with a high MCV?
alcoholism - thiamine/folate deficiencies
49
What is the initial treatment of suspected septicemia in a sickle cell patient?
3rd gen cef or fq
50
What is the organism most ommonly afflicting CF patients when septic?
Pseudomonas
51
First treatment of choice for lung Small cell carcinoma?
chemo rad before surgery
52
What is the pathogen of an endocarditis induced by a dental procedure?
strep viridans
53
What is the pathogen (2) in endocarditis in IVDU?
Pseudomonas, serratia
54
In an HIV patient with mono, what should you suspect?
B cell lymphoma
55
What is the test of choice for identifying acromegaly (GH oversecretion)?
insulin-like growth factor - for GH levels, you have to first administer glucose then measure multiple times
56
What IV administration will immediately lower circulating potassium?
calcium gluconate
57
An otherwise healthy patient wears contacts and has a ulcer on her eye, pathogen?
Acanthameoba

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