Flashcards in Kaplan test Deck (57)
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1
Pt presents with retrosternal pain radiating to the back and jaw described as squeezing. Pain is aggravated by swallowing cold liquids. Diagnosis?
Esophageal spasm
2
Pt with acute trauma, LOC then lucid period before altered mental status. CT shows a lens shaped (convex) bleed protruding into the brain parenchyma. Diagnosis?
Epidural hematoma
3
Auer rods, which blood CA?
AML
4
What doe heinz bodies indicate on peripheral smear?
G6PD deficiency
5
What are Hirano bodies?
eosinophilic rod-like structures found adjacent to pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases (alzheimer's, Pick's)
6
What are Howell-Jolly bodies on smear associated with?
Asplenia
7
Philadelphia chromosoma blood CA?
CML
8
The vetilline duct, if not totally obliterated in the 7th week of life, can persist as what structure name?
Meckel's diverticulum 3-4 feet above the ileocolic junction
9
What is the most common bone malignancy (adolescents with pain or swelling in the bone or joint)?
Osteosarcoma
10
What is the most common cause of urethritis?
Gonorrhea
11
What is the most common cause of cystitis (suprapubic discomfort)?
Coliform bacteria (e. coli)
12
symptomatic pt with a negative HIV ELISA test, what are the next steps toward diagnosis?
Send a viral load and a p24 antigen which are most sensitive
13
What are the Anti SM and Anti DS DNA tests for?
SLE, positive 40-60% of patients
14
What is the Anti-centromere (ACA) antibody for?
Scleroderma minor (CREST syndrome) the more insidious version of scleroderma
15
What is the Anti-DNA tropoisomerase I test for?
scleroderma typical patients are 70% positive
16
What is another word for sociopath?
Antisocial personality disorder
17
What study should be ordered to diagnose a pleural effusion?
left lateral decubitus xray
18
pt with new normocytic anemia has tear dropped cells. Diagnostic test? likely diagnosis?
bone marrow biopsy likely will show myelofibrosis (marrow fibrosis)
19
What is the chance that polyps are malignant?
Flat polyps - villous adenomas: 35%, adenomatous or villoglandular - 2%
20
At what age is intussusception most likely to occur?
3-12 months of age
21
What are the most common pharmacologic offenders of adverse effects of angioedema and urticaria (4 classes + 1 specific)?
Antibiotics, NSAIDs including ASA, Opiates, Contrast, ACE inhibitors
22
Female newborn with low apgar and on exam macroglossia, coarse facial features, enlarged fontanelles and an umbilical hernia. LIkely diagnosis? Confirmatory test?
congenital hypothyroidism confirm with thyrotropin (TSH) and T4
May not develop full symptoms until 3-6 months of age with failure to thrive
23
how long after starting wellbutrin is a quit date initiated for smoking cessation?
5-7 days
24
What immunoglobulin is for conferred immunity?
IgG
25
What immuniglobulin is for allergies?
IgE
26
What is the first antibody detected in response to an antigen?
IgA
27
Pt with vasculitis, upper/lower respiratory tract infections (recurrent) and glomerular nephritis, diagnosis?
Wegeners granulomatosis
28
Patient having difficulty writing and spasms when doing so. Feeling as though he just can't bend is wrist the right way. Otherwise, no physical findings. Diagnosis?
Writer's dystonia
29
Treatment for port wine stain skin lesions?
pulsed laser treatment
30
