Key Area 2a: Control and Communication: Nervous Control

Question 1

Stimulus

Answer 1

a sensory input that is detected by receptors in multicellular organisms

Question 2

Response

Answer 2

a reflex action, which is an automatic and rapid response to a stimulus

Question 3

Neuron

Answer 3

nerve cells that transmit electrical impulses

Question 4

Sensory (neuron)

Answer 4

a nerve cell that detects changes in the environment and sends signals to the central nervous system (CNS) to process

Question 5

Inter neuron

Answer 5

a neuron that connects to brain regions, allowing communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS)

Question 6

Motor neuron

Answer 6

enable a response to occur, which can be rapid action from a muscle or a slower response from a gland.

Question 7

Central nervous system

Answer 7

the part of the nervous system that is made up of the brain and spinal cord

Question 8

Cerebrum

Answer 8

conscious response and higher brain function

Question 9

Cerebellum

Answer 9

centre of balance and movement coordination

Question 10

Medulla

Answer 10

sub-conscious control - breathing, heart rate

Question 11

Effectors

Answer 11

a muscle or gland that responds to a stimulus by producing a specific action

Question 12

Receptors

Answer 12

specialized cells that detect changes in the environment, or stimuli, and respond by generating electrical impulses

Question 13

Brain

Answer 13

an organ in the head that controls many body functions in multicellular organism

Question 14

Spinal cord

Answer 14

lets the brain send messages to the body

Question 15

Synapse

Answer 15

small gap between neurons

Question 16

Reflex arc

Answer 16

the neural pathway that controls a reflex, which is the body’s automatic response to a stimulus

Question 17

Muscle

Answer 17

a tissue made up of muscle cells that contract and relax to move the body

Question 18

(Multicellular) Gland

Answer 18

a gland that is made up of more than one cel

Question 19

Reflex

Answer 19

an involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus that occurs in organisms with a nervous system

Question 20

Flow of information in the nervous system?

Answer 20

Stimuli (receptors in sense organs) –. SENSORY NEURONS –> CNS –> MOTOR NEURONS –> Responses (Effectors eg. muscle and glands)

Question 21

Hypthalamus

Answer 21

regulation of water content and temperature

Question 22

The CNS is made up of the?

Answer 22

brain and spinal cord

Question 23

Cerebrum can be split into four lobes?

Answer 23

Parietal, Frontal, Occipital and temporal

Question 24

What type of message is carried through the sensory neuron?

Answer 24

Electrical

Question 25

What type of message is carried through the synapse?

Answer 25

Chemical

Question 26

What type of message is carried through the motor neuron?

Answer 26

Electrical

Question 27

How are messages transferred at a synapse?

Answer 27

Chemicals

Question 28

Importance of a reflex action

Answer 28

To protect the body from harm/danger