Key Area 5: Plant Transport System

Question 1

water is required for?

Answer 1

transporting materials and photosynthesis

Question 2

Parts of the plants involved on water transport includes?

Answer 2

leaves, root hair cells and xylem vessels

Question 3

Root hair cells?

Answer 3

water and minerals enter the root hair cell by osmosis from the soil

Question 4

Root hair cells have special

Answer 4

elongation (root hair) to its membrane to increase surface area for water absorption

Question 5

Xylem vessels transport?

Answer 5

water and minerals through the plant in xylem vessels

Question 6

Xylem vessels are dead and contain?

Answer 6

Lignin for strength and support

Question 7

Xylem vessels are just

Answer 7

empty straws carrying the water and minerals up the plant

Question 8

Xylem cells are lignified to

Answer 8

withstand pressure changes as water moves through the plant

Question 9

The movement of water is driven by?

Answer 9

water molecules evaporating from the surface of the leaf and pulling water molecules behind them

Question 10

the water moves from the vein in the?

Answer 10

leaf to the spongy mesophyll

Question 11

from the spongy mesophyll water?

Answer 11

evaporates and leaves the leaf through the stomata

Question 12

Guard cell turgid

Answer 12

stomata open

Question 13

Guard cell flaccid

Answer 13

stomata closed

Question 14

Transpiration is defined as

Answer 14

the loss of water by evaporation through the stomata of the leaves

Question 15

stomatas opening and closing is controlled by

Answer 15

guard cells

Question 16

Mesophyll cells of the leaf require

Answer 16

water for photosynthesis

Question 17

Environmental conditions that increases the rate of transpiration?

Answer 17

warm temperatures
sunshine
low humidity
increased air movement

Question 18

waxy cuticle

Answer 18

protects and water proofs

Question 19

upper/lower epidermis

Answer 19

transparent cell allows light through to the palisade layer

Question 20

palisade mesophyll

Answer 20

major site of photosynthesis

Question 21

vein

Answer 21

transport of water and sugar

Question 22

Stomata

Answer 22

allows evaporation of water and gas exchange (CO2 and O2)

Question 23

Stomatal opening

Answer 23

thin outer walls strecth more than thick inner walls
guard cells bulge out, thick inner walls pulled apart

Question 24

Stomatal closing

Answer 24

water leaves guard cells which become flaccid
guard cells no longer bulge out

Question 25

Transpiration rate can be measured using?

Answer 25

weight potometer bubble potometer

Question 26

Temperature increase

Answer 26

Increases transpiration - more evaporation

Question 27

Temperature decrease

Answer 27

Decreases transpiration - less evaporation

Question 28

Wind speed increase

Answer 28

Increases - water vapour quickly carried away

Question 29

Humidity increase

Answer 29

Decrease - more water vapour already in the air

Question 30

Sugar is transported up and down the plant in?

Answer 30

living phloem

Question 31

Phloem have?

Answer 31

sieve plates and associated companion cells

Question 32

Companion cells

Answer 32

control both types of cell

Question 33

Sieve tubes

Answer 33

transport sugar in cytoplasm

Question 34

Sieve plates

Answer 34

end walls with pores, allow rapid transport of sugar

Question 35

Cytoplasm strands

Answer 35

help more sugar from one sieve tube to another

Question 36

Companion cells provide the pholem with

Answer 36

Energy

Question 37

The stomata are found in the?

Answer 37

lower epidermis