Key Area 4.1: Non Specific Defences Flashcards Preview

Higher Human Biology - Unit 4: Immunology And Public Health > Key Area 4.1: Non Specific Defences > Flashcards

Flashcards in Key Area 4.1: Non Specific Defences Deck (9)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What can non specific defences be?

A

Physical and chemical

2
Q

What do epithelial cells form?

A

A physical barrier

3
Q

What do specialised epithelial cells produce?

A

Chemical secretions, such as acid and mucus which help prevent infection.

4
Q

What does the inflammatory response include?

A

Release of histamine by mast cells.

5
Q

What does histamine cause?

A

Vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.

6
Q

What does an increase in blood flow and release of cytokines lead to?

A

Accumulation of phagocytes and delivery of antimicrobial proteins and clotting elements to the site of infection.

7
Q

What are phagocytes and natural killer cells?

A

White blood cells that release cytokines which stimulate the specific immune response.

8
Q

What is apoptosis?

A

The advantageous self destruction of infected cells.

9
Q

What to NK cells do?

A

Induce cells infected by viruses to produce self destruct enzymes during apoptosis