Key concepts: Heart Development Flashcards

Question

process of cardiac looping

Answer 1

TA and BC move down and to the right PA moves to the left of the midline as TA and BC continue their movement PA moves backwards and upwards PA now up either side of the TA, attached to SV below the BC SV allows cells to move into pericardial cavity and forms visceral pericardium SV also allows cells to move into the "heart" forming the primitive conduction system

Answer 2

AV sulcus between the PV and PA neural crest cells forming dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions cushions fuse to form the septum intermedium 2 canals form either side called the right and left AV canals connected by annulus ring, valve flaps cordinae tendinae come off valvulpus apparatus becomes bi and tricuspid

Answer 3

septum primum tries to reach from the top to the septum intermedium doesnt reach and forms hole known as ostium primum septum prinum eventually closes the ostium prinum another hole develops near the top which is the ostium secundum more tissue grows to try and block the ostium secundum there is still a small hole called the foramen ovale which eventually closes when born some division formed so can classify as right and left atrium

Answer 4

at the heart the apex develops muscular portion of interventricular septum grows into the heart space between= membranous portion of inter ventricular septum comes from septum intermedium, closed gap BC (one part of this) becomes the RV PV becomes the LV

Answer 5

between the PA and SV all veins on the left horn of SV break down leaving left horn umbilical horn degenerates leaving CCV and V left horn shifts towards right horn and fuses before entering the SV SV absorbed to become PA left horn becomes coronary sinus right common cardinal becomes superior vena cava right vitelline vein to the inferior vena cava

Answer 6

neural crest cells form 2 truncal ridges in the TA and 2 bulbar ridges in the BC also ridge in the middle of TA and BC 2 ridges one is dorsal and the other is ventral meet in the middle when ridges approach they spiral around central axis ridges in the TA fuse to form the septum ridges in the BC fuse to form septum ridges in middle form septum causes corkscrew of TA and BC to form aorticopulmonary septum as blood moves LV through posterior portion of the septum crosses behind then infront of the top portion to form aortic arch RV moves anterior, cross then posterior to form pulmonary trunk structure rotates and splits structures

Answer 7

cross section at the bulbis cordis and conus cordis junction neural crest cells form endothelial cushions (left right dorsal ventral) during rotation vagination occurs splits cushions left and right then splits entirely into dorsal and ventral still have full dorsal ventral cushion but half right and left cushion dorsal= left ventricular outflow tract= aorta ventral= right VOT= pulmonary trunk forms semilunar valves rotation occurs

Answer 8

aortic SLV LVOT