key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Stereotype

A

An oversimplified generalization of a particular group of people. Stereotypes can be based on race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation or almost any characteristic. It can be positive but it is often negative. It does not take individual differences into account.

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2
Q

Prejudice

A

Preconceived beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes that someone holds about a group. Prejudice is not based on experience. It’s a pre made judgment, originating outside actual experience. By defining one category of people as superior, this results in prejudice of people who do not fall into the favoured category.

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3
Q

Discrimination

A

Consists of actions against a person or group of people. Discrimination can be based on age, religion, race, health, gender, sexuality, and other indicators. It involves restricting members of one group from opportunities or privileges that are available to members of another group.

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4
Q

Equity

A

Giving everyone what is appropriately needed for them

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5
Q

Equality

A

Giving everyone equal opportunity and treatment

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6
Q

Traditional Knowledge Holder / Keeper

A

The cultural customs and practices within First Nations, Metis, and Inuit groups are held by individuals who share and teach this information to other members in their community.

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7
Q

Elder

A

Elder is another word for a Traditional Knowledge Holder/Keeper. Elders are a cherished and highly respected group of people who offer guidance and support on a wide variety of matters for their community.

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8
Q

Territorial Acknowledgement

A

Acknowledging each other based on relationships with a specific community, Nation, or territory. A way for people to situate themselves and show respect to local Indigenous Peoples.

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9
Q

Tobacco

A

As a special gift many First Nations and some Metis groups often use tobacco for various purposes including ceremony trade, payment, and ceremonial medicine.

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10
Q

Smudging

A

is a cleansing of the mind, body, and spirit of negative energy and may be viewed as a way to “open the mind and spirit” This can be done by a qualified Indigenous person (most likely an Elder or Traditional Knowledge Holder”

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11
Q

Grandmother / Grandfather / Auntie / Uncle

A

These terms are often used in a literal sense but are also endearing kinship terms for Elders in some communities.

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12
Q

Indian

A

The term “Indian” because of its negative connotation should be avoided in most contexts unless it is used as part of a historical reference or used in reference to a government policy.

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13
Q

Native

A

this term is rarely used in a respectful manner and therefore should only be used for a specific reason such as referring to an Indian status or organization.

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14
Q

First Nations

A

Most but not all, reserve based communities in Canada refer to themselves as “First Nations”. The term can be applied to individuals, but technically refers only to those who have Indian status under Canadian law as part of a recognized community. Those who are Metis or Inuit should never be referred to as “First Nations”

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15
Q

Métis

A

Are a specific group in Canada with a very specific social history. Until very recently they have not been regarded as “Indians” under Canadian law and are never considered “First Nations” The term can be singular or plural.

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16
Q

Inuit

A

Another specific group, historically located in the Arctic and legally and culturally distinct from First Nations or legally-defined Indians and Metis. The singular term of an Inuit is “Inuk” Inuit translates to “the people” meaning it would be redundant to add “people” after Inuit.

17
Q

Inuk

A

the singular term of an Inuit is “Inuk”

18
Q

Aboriginal

A

“Aboriginal” is a general term that collectively refers to First Nations, Metis, and Inuit people in Canada. It carries negative connotations because of its use in government policy.

19
Q

“Our” Native Canadians

A

This is a term we should be avoiding as Indigenous people do not belong to Canada, therefore referring to them as “our” is incorrect, and undermines their identity.

20
Q

Indigenous

A

Is an umbrella term for First Nations, Metis, and Inuit. It refers to all of these groups, either collectively or individually.

21
Q

Appropriation

A

Using Indigenous ideas, knowledge, practices, and material in a negative way, which will hurt or damage the Indigenous community.

22
Q

Turtle Island

A

Turtle Island is a name for Earth or North America, used by some Indigenous peoples, as well as by some Indigenous rights activists. The name is based on a creation story common to several Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands of North America.

23
Q

Status

A

status Indian, Indian status, status, all refer to people on the official record registered under the Indian Act in Canada, called status Indians or registered Indians.

24
Q

Crown

A

Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC) continues to renew the nation-to-nation, Inuit-Crown, government-to-government relationship between Canada and First Nations, Inuit and Métis; modernize Government of Canada structures to enable Indigenous peoples to build capacity and support their vision

25
Q

Treaty

A

Treaties are agreements made between the Government of Canada, Indigenous groups and often provinces and territories that define ongoing rights and obligations on all sides. These agreements set out continuing treaty rights and benefits for each group.