Key Terms 3

Question 1

Nasal cannula

Answer 1

a medical device to provide supplemental oxygen therapy to people who have lower oxygen levels.

Question 2

Atelectasis

Answer 2

collapse of alveoli, preventing the normal respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 3

Endotracheal tube

Answer 3

short-term artificial airways to administer mechanical ventilation, relieve upper airway obstruction, protect against aspiration, or clear secretions.

Question 4

Incentive spirometry

Answer 4

method of encouraging voluntary deep breathing by providing visual feedback to patients of the inspiratory volume they have achieved

Question 5

Bronchoscopy

Answer 5

a procedure that provides direct visualization of the interior lung tissues

Question 6

Orthopenea

Answer 6

abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand to breathe comfortably

Question 7

Perfusion

Answer 7

Relates to the ability of the cardiovascular systems to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Question 8

Kussmaul respirations

Answer 8

simulated increase in respirations greater than 35 bpm caused by metabolic acidosis

Question 9

Cardiac Output

Answer 9

the amount of blood the heart pumps through the circulatory system per minute, stroke vol X heart rate (5-6 mL per min). Decreases with aging, increases with athletes

Question 10

Nebulization

Answer 10

adding moisture or medications to inspired air by mixing particles of varying sizes with the air

Question 11

Pleural space

Answer 11

pleural cavity, thin fluid filled space between the two pulmonary pleura. Pleura is a serous membrane that folds into itself to form a two layered membranous pleural sac

Question 12

Preload

Answer 12

volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole, immediately before ventricular contraction

Question 13

Afterload

Answer 13

the amount of force that the heart has to use to eject the blood from the left ventricle

Question 14

Contractility

Answer 14

The ability of a muscle of shortening and becoming reduced in size or developing increased tension

Question 15

Apnea

Answer 15

the absence of respiration greater than 15 secs

Question 16

Pneumothorax

Answer 16

collection of air or gas in pleural space that keeps the lung from inflating and collapses the lung tissue

Question 17

Wheezing

Answer 17

high pitched musical sound caused by high velocity moving of air through the narrowed airways

Question 18

Hemoptysis

Answer 18

blood tinged sputum

Question 19

Myocardial ischemia

Answer 19

supply of blood to myocardium from coronary arteries, is insufficient to myocardial demands

Question 20

Angina

Answer 20

type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart,

Question 21

Myocardial infarction (MI)

Answer 21

heart attack that is necrosis of cardiac muscle caused by obstruction in cardiac artery

Question 22

Hypoventilation

Answer 22

respiratory rate insufficient to reduce carbon dioxide

Question 23

Surfactant

Answer 23

chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli to keep them from collapsing

Question 24

Tracheostomy

Answer 24

procedure of a surgical incision made in trachea, has short artificial airway inserted

Question 25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 25

umbrella term used to describe progressive lung disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, non reversible asthma. Increasing breathlessness.