Flashcards in Key Terms Deck (47)
Loading flashcards...
1
Middle Passage
Atlantic crossing from Africa to Americas, month long trip, extremely perilous and horrifying
2
Racial slavery
turned into slavery based on race - VA passed laws
3
Encomieda System
labor system, conquistadors ruling, natives and africans on lower levels, mixed families higher up
4
House of Burgesses
Created by VA Company. Could make laws and levy taxes
Governor and company in England could veto actions
5
Frontier of exclusion vs. inclusion
Inclusion- spain, france, netherlands
mixed caste society
Exclusion- england
pushed away or killed
6
New Spain territories
CA, mexico, NM, TX, FL, Cuba, Puerto Rico, AZ
7
England territories
NORTHERN:
NE: Massachusetts Bay, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island
Chesapeake: Virginia, Maryland
MIDDLE: New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and PA
SOUTHERN: VA, MA, SC/NC, GA
Caribbean: Jamaica, Barbados
8
New Netherland territories
new york, st. eustatius
9
New France territories
area from st. lawrence river through Great Lakes and down mississippi river
St. Kitts, Haiti
10
Chesapeake colonies locations
VA, MA
11
Pequot War
Puritans allied w other Indian groups
Massacred intentionally
in VA
Showed shocking level of no mercy
Europeans wanted to make an example of them
12
John Winthrop sermon
emotion
against predestination more
almost scared people into believing again
wanted to move away from secularism
13
Three people who were banished from Puritan communities
Thomas Hooker, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson
14
Middle Colony Life
Export economy flourished
Land taking from natives
European migrants held tightly to traditions (ethnically and culturally diverse communities)
15
Caribbean
Cash crops
Hard labor - slavery
16
Pietism and the Great Awakening
Christian movement originating in Germany emphasized pious behavior and emotional worship
revive doctrines of puritan ancestors
opposed age of reason
low classes found appealing
17
Old Lights
old- opposed revivalism/emotional enthusiasm, challenged new ministers, opposed women speaking in church, opposed enlightenment
18
Enlightenment
scientific revolution
made people question everything
eroded at power of church
wanted to reform church, gov, etc for better society
support for deism
supported more "loving" God
19
England middle colonies settlers
diverse (english/german quakers, dutch, french, scottish, irish) religious toleration
farming, trade, small # slaves, town meetings
20
Navigation Acts
colonial trade was making its way to other nations' colonies, so introduced these acts
kept trade in English hands
many english merchants ignored them and continued trading w foreign merchants
21
Salutary neglect
economics- england did little to stop violations of navigation acts, as long as colonies sent raw materials, didn't see need to keep close supervision
politics- board of trade created to oversee colonies, governors more loyal to colonies at this point (paid their salaries)
22
New lights
new- new ministry of evangelicals, challenged authority of established church, allowed women to speak in church, opposed enlightenment
23
New lights
new- new ministry of evangelicals, challenged authority of established church, allowed women to speak in church, opposed enlightenment
24
effects of Great Awakening
increase in new churches and denominations
bold confrontation of religious authority changed attitude towards authority in general
fostered national consciousness: all colonists shared this event in common
25
Both Great Awakening and Enlightenment,,,
caused people to question traditional authority
stressed importance of individual
increased ideas through print culture
26
Both Great Awakening and Enlightenment,,,
caused people to question traditional authority
stressed importance of individual
increased ideas through print culture
27
colonial identity (british) - economics
all regions - relative autonomy
often violate british laws
28
colonial identity (british)- culture
print culture bridges gaps between regions
enlightenment, great awakening, racial ideology, religious diversity create common consciousness
29
colonial identity (british)- politics
autonomous political communities based on english law, all property owning white men could vote
30
england's colonies developed...
taste for self-government, but were still loyal to the crown
31
england's colonies developed...
taste for self-government, but were still loyal to the crown
32
life in Maryland
porprietary colony
religious toleration (so catholics could continue practicing)
tobacco plantation colony w indentured servants
33
Stone Rebellion
Black uprising in SC that killed 45 whites
Largest uprising in British colonies
34
South Atlantic System
produces tropical/subtrop. products for an international market
centered in West Indies
SUGAR
Dutch dominated the British took over
35
What stimulated british economy?
slave labor(free) and guns
36
British made huge metchant naval fleet.., which...
led the way for British navy supremacy
37
why sugar was so profitable
sugar cost high to buy, slave labor low price
exploitation
38
Southern Gentry
needed connections to become a part of it,
planter merchants in VA were trapped by inferior
Planters tried to model themselves like gentry (sophisticated lifestyles, educated children)
colonial status, became self sufficient
(how Chesapeake survived tobacco crash)
39
Indian War of 1622
Openchancanough opposed treaties and rules that Indian be brought up in Christian lifestyle
Coordinated surprise attack (killed 1/3 english settlers)
English fought back for a decade without peace
40
Revoked VAs charter to English colony after..
Indian War of 1622
41
Model for English royal colonies
appointed governor, elected assembly, formal legal system, Anglican church
42
Iroquois
Capitalize on location in NY to dominate region b/n French and English colonies
Inflicted terror on neighbors
Formed alliance w English against French
(half king) French and Indian War
43
French and Indian War (Seven Years' War)
Ohio Valley
Britain and France wanted it
Half King allied w Britain
44
Roger William
Founded Rhode Island colony
religious toleration
no elected church
questioned how Puritans treated NAs
45
NC vs SC
NC: poor families, former indentured servants
- equality minded protestant sect
- refused to work on large manors
- insp. by bacons rebellion
SC:
- white settlers from Barbados
- wanted to create slave hierarchy
- based on slaves and plantations
46
SAS led to
salutary neglect
(was so prosperous)
coastal cities became thriving port cities
47
