Key Things To Know Flashcards
(72 cards)
1
Q
what is NH4
A
Ammonium
2
Q
What is Li
A
Lithium
3
Q
What is Na
A
Sodium
4
Q
What is H
A
Hyrdrogen
5
Q
What is K
A
Potassium
6
Q
What is Ag
A
Silver
7
Q
What is Mg
A
Magnesium
8
Q
What is Zn
A
Zinc
9
Q
What is Cu
A
Copper
10
Q
What is Pb
A
Lead
11
Q
What is Ca
A
Calcium
12
Q
What is Fe
A
Iron
13
Q
What is Al
A
Aluminium
14
Q
What is Br
A
Bromine
15
Q
What is I
A
Iodine
16
Q
What is Cl
A
Chlorine
17
Q
What is F
A
Flourine
18
Q
What is OH
A
Hydroxide
19
Q
What is HCO3
A
Hydrogen carbonate
20
Q
What is S
A
Sulfur
21
Q
What is O
A
Oxygen
22
Q
What is CO3
A
Carbonate
23
Q
What is SO4
A
Sulfate
24
Q
What is PO4
A
Phosphate
25
What is O^2-
Oxide
26
What is S^2-
Sulfide
27
What is F^-
Fluoride
28
Cl^-
Chloride
29
Br^-
Bromide
30
I^-
Iodide
31
What is NO3
Nitrate
32
What is a Proton
Proton are a positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom
33
What is a Electron
Electrons are a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of a cell in 'shells'
34
What is a Neutron
a neutral charged particle found in the nucleus
35
What is a Atomic Number
the number of protons and electrons in an atom corresponds to its place - group and period on the periodic table
36
What is a Mass number
always equal to or higher than the atomic number, is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleua
37
What is a Element
a pure substance made up of all the same type of atom
38
What is a Group and what does it mean
the columns, up and down the periodic table. elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, so react in the same way
39
What is a Period and what does it mean
The rows, left and right, across the periodic table. elements in the same period have the same number of shells/orbits
40
What is Electron Arrangement
Electrons are arranged in shells/orbits around the nucleus; the inner shells are filled before the outer ones
41
What are Valence Electrons
the electrons on the outermost shell of an atom
42
What is an Ion
an atom with a full valence shell and that now has a positive or negative charge
43
Why do atoms become ions
to become more stable
44
How is an Ion formed
by an atom gaining or losing electrons
45
What is a Mono-atomic ion
an ion with one element
46
What is a Polyatomic ion
an ion with more than one element
47
What does Neutral mean
it doesn't have a positive or negative charge
it is neither acidic or a base
48
What does Charged mean
when an atom or molecule has to many or to less electrons so it has a positive or negative charge
49
What makes an atom stable
gaining or losing electrons to have a full valence shell
50
What is an Ionic Compound
positive and negative ions joined together to form ionic bonds so they can make compounds
51
What is an Ionic bond
when a positive ion shares its electrons with a negative ion
52
What does Mass mean
how much matter or stuff something has
53
What does Cation mean
an atom that loses electrons to become a positive ion
54
What does Anion mean
an atom that gains electrons to become a negative electron
55
What does Conservation of Mass mean
even as atoms and ions change form/shape they lose no mass
56
What is an Acid
a common compound that contains Hydrogen ions (H^+)
57
What is a Base/Alkali
are metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates or metal hydrogen carbonate
58
What is fair testing
finding the relationship between variables, when one stays the same and the other changes
best for chemistry and physics
59
What is pattern seeking
observing and recording natural events, carrying out investigations or noticing a pattern in existing data,
best suited for ecology, geology, meteorology and astronomy
be aware of correlation vs causation
60
Difference between correlation and causation
correlation is the relationship between two patterns/events
causation is when one vent causes the other
61
What is modelling investigating
used to help understand how a process works, validate thoughts, predict changes or explain an idea/concept
62
Types of modelling investigating
Digital - shows sequences/processes like the phases of the moon
Simulation - alls the manipulation of variables to see how they affect the outcome
63
What is classifying investigation
sorting objects or events into categories with a clear criteria and have a key
best suited for geology, biology and chemistry
64
What is exploring and observing
discoverying new things by using our sense to observe the enviroment, events, interactions and objects carefully
be aware of observation vs inference
65
Difference between observation and inference
Observation is when something is noticed or perceived through the use of our senses
Inference is a conclusion made from evidence, reasoning and past observations
66
What is quantitative data
is numerical data that can be counted or measured
e.g. how many ...
67
What is qualitative data
Descriptive data that represents characteristics or qualities, not numbers
e.g. what kind of ...
68
What is an anomalous result
A data point that doesn't fit the pattern of the other results. It stands out as unusual or unexpected, often due to errors or outliers
69
What is the independent variable
the variable that is changed
70
What is the dependant variable
the variable that is measured or observed
71
What is the controlled variable
the variable or factor that stays consistent throughout the experiment
72
what is an anomalous result
a result that doesn't fit in with the pattern of the other results.
