Keyword definitions Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is orientalistism
a style of thought based upon an ontological and epistemological distinction made between “the Orient” and (most of the time) “the Occident.”
essentializing, homogenizing Asia as the “other” of the West
What is internationalism?
Rooted in the European experience of imperialism both as a universalist doctrine and particularistic concept
“An idea, movement or an institution that seeks to reformulate the nature of relations among nations through cross-national cooperation and interchange.
What is industrialization?
geographically specific process of transformation from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goods and services, requires a strong state, backed by strong military and access to raw materials and consumer markets.
What is territoriality?
attempt by an individual or group to affect, influence, or control people, phenomena and relationships, by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area”
What is modernization?
project of nation-building and industrialization conditioned by Western and Japanese imperialism (late 19th-early 20th centuries) that brought East Asia into an emerging international system (legally, politically, economically, sociall
What is gunboat diplomacy?
use or threat of military force, particularly naval power, to achieve political or economic objectives in foreign relations. It is a form of coercive diplomacy where a stronger nation pressures a weaker one into compliance by showcasing its military strength, often without direct conflict.
What does core and periphery mean?
Core: Refers to dominant, highly developed, and economically powerful regions or countries that control global trade, finance, and technology. Examples include the U.S., Western Europe, and Japan.
Periphery: Refers to less developed, economically weaker regions or countries that depend on the core for trade, investment, and technology. . Examples include many countries in Africa, parts of Latin America, and some regions in Asia.
What are imagined communities
Anderson: Nation is an imagined political community, imagined as both limited and sovereign
Imagined bc members of the smallest nation will never know most of their fellow-members meet them etc
But the image of their communion lives in their mind
What are inventive traditions
(Hobshawm) involves tradition invented, constructed, and formally insutitioed and those emerging in a less easily traceable matter
= set of practices, normally governed by overtly or tacitly accepted rules and of a ritual of symbolic
e.g. Bushido, Royal Christmas broadcast in Britain
What is capitalism?
“commodification of everything” to generate capital that can be reinvested
(interrelated process with industrialization)
Conjecture meaning?
Conclusion, theory based on incomplete or uncertain information
Accident meaning?
Unexpected and unintentional event
What is Eurocentrism?
historical paradigm of how the modern world works: assumption that Europe’s pioneering of capitalist industrialization was unique and inevitable
What is the public sphere?
Social space where individuals come together and discuss topics of common interest
e.g. park, cafes etc
What is pan-Asiansim
ideological and political movement that promotes unity and cooperation among Asian nations based on shared cultural, historical, or racial ties.
ideologically conceived as anti-Western by emphasizing a transnational Asian racial unity
nonetheless adopted a Western conception of “race”
There were different interpretations of Pan-Asianism:
Some versions emphasized cultural and civilizational bonds
Others: more political and strategic focus, e.g. Japan
What Pan-Asian meant: determined by Japan’s imperial and colonial polices
Korea: cultural domination
China: economic domination- May 4th Movement
What is colonial modernity
the ways in which colonial rule introduced modern institutions, technologies, and ideologies to colonized societies, often reshaping their political, economic, and cultural landscapes.
Highlights paradox of colonialism: while it imposed domination and exploitation, it also brought aspects of modernization, such as infrastructure, education, legal systems, and industrializatio
