KIDNEY

Question 1

NUTCRACKER Syndrome

Answer 1

Left Renal vein compressed bw SMA & Aorta

Question 2

RENAL COLLAR

Answer 2

Left renal vein splits to encase aorta

Question 3

Renal agenesis

Answer 3

Usually UNILATERAL

a/w:

Agenesis of ureter and hemitrigone
Absent adrenal

Males - u/d testis
Females - absent fallopian tube

Question 4

DROOPING LILY SIGN

Answer 4

Duplication with malrotated pelvis

Question 5

WEIGERT MEYER RULE

Answer 5

(For duplication of ureteric system)

Ureter draining the UPPER POLE opens more DISTALLY and MEDIALLY

Question 6

Genes implicated in PCKD

Answer 6

Infantile - PKHD gene (chrm 6)

Adult - PKD 1 (chrm 16)
PKD 2 (chrm 4)

Question 7

Horseshoe Kidney IOC and sign

Answer 7

IOC - Intravenous Urogram

showing:

FLOWER VASE appearance/
HANDSHAKE sign

Question 8

Mcc Congenital and acquired of hydronephrosis

Answer 8

Congenital - PUJ obstruction
Acquired - Renal stones

Question 9

GOBLET SIGN

Answer 9

Transitional cell ca

Question 10

COBRA HEAD / ADDER SIGN

Answer 10

Ureterocele

Question 11

Cancers responsible for extraluminal ureteric kinking

Answer 11

Retro peritoneal soft tissue sarcoma
Ca colon
Ca cervix
Ca uterus
Ca prostate
Ca rectum

Question 12

FISH HOOK / REVERSE J SIGN

Answer 12

Retrocaval ureter

Question 13

MAIDEN’S WAIST ANOMALY

Answer 13

Retro peritoneal fibrosis / ORMOND’S Disease

Question 14

Causes for ORMOND’s

Answer 14

Idiopathic
Methysergide, Bromocriptine
Post RT
IgG4 Mediated

Question 15

Renal isotope scans

Answer 15

DMSA : Stricture / scarring

DTPA
MAG 3 : assess function by total and diff. GFR

Question 16

IVU observations in Hydronephrosis

Answer 16

Initially BLUNTING and then CLUBBING of calyces