Kidney Embrology Flashcards
(36 cards)
What are the embryonic ducts that help make up the embryonic kidney
Mesonerphic (Wolffian ducts)
Paramesnopneprhic (Mullerian ducts)
Immature gonad – gives rise to the testes or ovaries
Mesenchyme
What duct break down in the females and what ducts form what
- All of the mesonephric duct breaks down apart from the lower portion which forms the ureteric bud of the kidney
- Paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct this form the oviduct
What ducts break down in the male
- Mesonephric duct forms the male reproductive tract and the ureteric bud of the kidney
- Paramesonephric (Mullerian) duct degenerates completely
What duct forms the ureteric bud of the kidney
Mesonephric ducts
How many stages of embryonic development are there
3
Name the 3 stages of embryonic development
- Pronephric kidney
- Mesonephric kidney
- Metanephric kidney
what stages of the kidney embryonic develop are the kidneys not functional
- Pronephric kidney
- Mesonephric kidney
what is the kidney from the embryonic stages that is in the adult
- Metanephric kidney
what does the duct does the metanephric kidney develop from
- it develops from the mesoneprhic duct
what 2 embryonic structures form the metanephric kidney
- Ureteric bud derived from mesonephric duct
* Metanephric bud (blastema) derived from mesenchyme
where does the ureteric bud extend from
- the uteric bud extends from the mesonephric duct and the mesoderm starts to form around this
What adult structures does the ureteric bud develop into
- ureter
- renal pelvis
- major and minor calyces
- collecting tubules
what adult structures does the metanephric (blastema) bud develop into
- Renal glomerulus and capillaries
- Bowman’s capsule
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal convoluted tubule
what does the ureteric bud basically give rise to
- Basically gives rise to the collecting system of the kidney
what does the ureteric bud bifurcate into
- Ureteric bud bifurcates to form the major calyxes of the kidney,
- the major calyxes then bifurcates many times to give rise to the minor calyxes of the kidney,
- the minor calyxes bifurcate many times to give rise to 1-3 million collecting tubules of the adult kidney
what does the metanephric bud basically give rise to
- the excretory system nephron
describe how the metaneprhic bud gives rise to the excretory system nephron
- Some of the mesenchyme fuses to the collecting tubule and forms a hollow tube which then divides and elongated deamatically to give rise to the nephrons
- The wall between the tubule will breakdown so there is a communication between the collecting tuble and the wall of the nephron
where is the metanephric kidneys located to start with and where is there final location
- Metanephros located in the sacral region (S1)
* Final location upper lumbar region (T 12)
describe how the kidneys ascend in the embryo
- the kidneys ascend as the embryo unfolds and stretches out
- as they ascend the renal arteries from the aorta that are supplying them degenerate and then new ones form as the kidneys move up with them in order to perfuse the kidney in there new place
what is kidney anagenesis
- Failure of kidney to form
- Unilateral or bilateral (one kidney or both kidney) – if one fails you probably wouldn’t realise
What is kidney angensis usually associated with
- Often associated with defects or failures in ureteric bud formation
How many people is kidney agenesis associated with
1 in 1000 live births
Does the baby survive in bilateral agenesis
- Very rare
- Baby wont survive after birth
Why does the baby not survive in bilateral agenesis
- In the uterus foetal kidney important for generation of amniotic fluid – because in utero the baby basically regulates by the amniotic fluid by drinking it and peeing it back out but if the kidneys don’t work then it cannot control the level of amniotic fluid, this can cause failure of lung development and club foot
- Bilateral renal agenesis there is a reduction in amniotic fluid-Oligohydramnios
- Cause birth defects including failure of lung development and club foot
