Kidney organogenesis Flashcards
From what tissue (gastrulation) is the kidney created?
The mesoderm
What are the major functions of the kidney?
To filtrate blood, regulate the blood composition and volume and release hormones
Where are the stem cells located in the matured kidneys?
There are no stem cells in the kidney after development
What is the most sensitive period of fetal life?
Gastrulation
What mechanism is central to the branching morphogenesis?
Inductive tissue interactions (interactions between epithelium and the surrounding mesenchyme)
What initial structures give rise to the kidneys?
The epithelial ureteric bud (UB), the surrounding metanephric mesencyme (MM) and stoma
What determines the branching pattern of the kidney?
The mesenchyme
What determines tissue specification in early development vs late development (the epithelium or the mesenchyme)?
Early development = mesenchyme
Late development = epithelium
What is the function of nephrons? What organ are they part of?
Their function is to filtrate the blood. They are part of the kidney.
Broadly: how does the kidney form in the embryo?
Three different kidney structures, one is formed then degraded and then a new is formed. The last one becomes the kidney.
What instructs the epithelial ureteric bud to grow out and differentiate? (kidney formation)
The metanephric mesencyme
What area responds to guidance area during branching of the kidney?
The ureteric bud tips
What signals regulates ureteric bud branching?
GDNF and its receptor Ret (GDNF is an attractive signal)
When are nephrons induced in kidney formation?
During the first branching event.
What determines the amount of nephrons in the kidney?
The branching of the kidney. During every branching induction, nephron formation is also induced
