Kidney Structure Flashcards
Kidney disease shares common risk factors which what other diseases
periodontal disease, dental caries, oral and other cancers, heart disease, respiratory disease and diabetes
What is the function of the kidney
to process blood and rid the body of the waste product of metabolism via urine
What do the kidneys maintain homeostasis in
fluid, electrolytes, acid/base, blood pressure, calcium and vit D metabolism and erythropoietin
What part of the kidney contains 85% of all kidney tubules
cortex
What part of the kidney is the site where urine is concentrated and prevents excess water loss
medulla
What is the collection area for urine before funnelling to ureter
pelvis
What does a renal corpuscle consist of
glomerulus surrounded by bowman’s capsule
What is the glomerulus and how does it maintain a high blood pressure
a capillary network that arises from an afferent arteriole and empties into an efferent arteriole. The diameter of the efferent arteriole is smaller than that of the afferent arteriole, which helps maintains a fairly high blood pressure in the glomerulus.
What type of capillaries are present in glomerulus and how is this beneficial
fenestrated capillaries, enabling for rapid filtration of blood plasma
What is bowman’s capsule
a double walled cup like structure, which encloses the glomerulus
Where are podocytes present
the visceral inner layer of glomerulus
What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubule
maximum reabsorption of water, glucose, amino acids and electrolytes
What loop is thick and impermeable to water
the ascending loop of henle
What loop is thin and permeable to water
the descending loop of henle
What is the first step in blood processing
glomerular filtration
